How to Grow Winter Jujube Well? A Detailed Guide to the Latest Cultivation Techniques
The winter jujube is in fact a late-ripening variety of jujube tree. Its growth cycle is relatively long; it is generally planted in spring and the fruit does not ripen until winter. The winter jujube has an excellent taste, crisp and sweet, and its nutritional value is also relatively high. It is also a very popular fruit in our daily lives, so how is the winter jujube grown? How can winter jujube be grown better? Let's take a look together.
1. Selecting superior varieties
If you want to grow winter jujube with high yield and high quality, then the choice of winter jujube variety is the most basic condition. There are now many varieties of winter jujube, and each variety has its own advantages and a relatively strong ability to adapt to the environment. However, planting different varieties in different regions will also produce certain differences in yield and quality, so we generally choose high-quality varieties for planting according to the local growing environment, climatic conditions and market situation.
2. Land preparation and fertilization
Winter jujube is suitable for planting in flat terrain with sufficient sunlight, sufficient soil fertility and organic matter content, close to a water source, with unpolluted water quality, a complete drainage and irrigation system, and uncontaminated soil. Land preparation can usually be carried out by complete cultivation or by hole cultivation. Note that when preparing the land, you must plow deeply; machines can be used for land preparation, so that impurities in the field are cleaned up more thoroughly. Then dig holes, pour sufficient farmyard manure into the holes, cover it with a layer of fine soil about five cm thick, and finally you can wait to plant.
3. Reasonable close planting
Because the branches and leaves of the winter jujube tree grow relatively quickly, the planting density needs to be planned well when planting. Generally, the specific density is determined according to the growth characteristics of the winter jujube tree and the fertility of the planting site's soil. We usually plant with a row spacing of about three m to four m and a plant spacing of about two m to three m. According to this spacing, about fifty-five to one hundred and ten winter jujube trees can be planted per mu.
4. Scientific management
The management of winter jujube trees is mainly carried out according to the seasons. Newly planted winter jujube trees in spring are relatively fragile, so after planting, a layer of film can be covered to keep them warm. At the same time, if necessary, the trunk can be whitewashed, which can improve the survival rate of the winter jujube trees. Next is management according to the growth period of the winter jujube tree. Generally, water once after planting, then wait until around August or September in autumn before watering again. At the same time, we need to fertilize according to the growth of the winter jujube tree. We must not apply too much nitrogen fertilizer. Nitrogen fertilizer is generally used only at the young tree stage and every spring to promote the growth of branches and leaves. At other times, organic fertilizer is mainly used, along with an appropriate amount of phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer. During the flowering and fruiting stages, some foliar fertilizer can also be sprayed as appropriate. Finally, note that the fruit tree's branches and leaves should be pruned and shaped irregularly to ensure field ventilation and to ensure the yield and quality of the winter jujube.
5. Timely harvest
At present, winter jujube in our country is mainly produced in Shandong, Henan and Hebei, and many places have now gradually succeeded in trial planting. As the name suggests, winter jujube is a jujube eaten in winter, so its harvest time is generally from September to October each year. When picking, note that the standard for maturity is generally fruit in which part of the winter jujube has turned red, and it needs to be harvested in batches.