Detailed Explanation of the Latest Planting Methods and Cultivation Techniques for Pine Nuts
Pine nuts are the fruit of the pine nut tree, and their growth cycle is relatively long. At the same time, pine nuts are higher than usual in both their use value and nutritional value. They have the effects of nourishing yin and moistening the lungs, prolonging life, and treating some chronic diseases. However, at present, pine nut seeds are still relatively scarce, and in recent years the demand for pine nuts has increased significantly. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the yield of pine nuts and the planting area. Today we will study the planting methods of pine nuts together.
1. Site selection and land preparation
Site selection is divided into two types, namely the selection of the seedling site and the selection of the planting site. The seedling site is usually sown and raised in sandy soil or loam soil that is relatively loose, has a relatively flat terrain, has good drainage and irrigation, and is close to a water source. For the planting site, only soil with sufficient water, fertile soil, rich organic matter, and low soil stickiness is needed for planting. When preparing the land, the soil quality of the seedling site should be finely and evenly prepared. The planting site can use full reclamation or hole reclamation, but base fertilizer must be applied well. The base fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer or farm machinery fertilizer, and then other micro-fertilizers are supplemented according to the characteristics of the soil.
2. Sowing and seedling raising
Before sowing, the seeds need to be placed in river sand for storage and germination promotion, preferably indoors, and the indoor doors and windows should be closed. At the same time, disinfection should be carried out to avoid affecting the germination efficiency of the pine nut tree. Normally, the seeds need to be germinated in the winter of the current year, and sowing is carried out in the spring of the following year. When sowing, the seedbed should be disinfected, and then the seeds should be evenly sown by drilling. A layer of plastic film or straw, etc. should be covered to keep warm. Any items used in the seedling cultivation must be disinfected.
3. Seedling stage management
After sowing, we should pay attention to water management in the seedbed and water appropriately. Generally, seedlings emerge about one month after sowing. During this period, we should prevent damage to the seedlings by rats or birds. Some bait mixed with liquid medicine can be scattered in the field, and carbendazim or ferrous sulfate should be sprayed every seven to ten days. This can enhance the immunity of the seedlings and also prevent and control diseases. Then, during the growth process of the seedlings, multiple times of loosening the soil and weeding are needed, which can promote the growth of the seedlings. Finally, when the seedlings grow to about 10 cm, they can be transplanted.
4. Reasonable dense planting
Because the pine nut tree must undergo multiple transplantings before it can grow into a large tree, the density of each transplanting is somewhat different. At the first transplanting, it is basically enough to plant according to a distance of 30 to 40 cm per row and about 30 cm per plant. At the second time, planting is generally carried out according to 60 cm per row and 50 cm per plant. The third transplanting is generally carried out at 1.5 m per row and 1 m per plant. Each time the spacing is appropriately increased, and the spacing of the last time should be maintained at a distance of 4 m to 5 m per row and 3 m to 4 m per plant for final planting.
5. Field management
Because the pine nut tree must undergo multiple transplantings, its field management is relatively complex. At each transplanting, the land needs to be prepared and fertilizer applied, and topdressing and watering should be carried out according to its growth conditions, as well as the most basic cultivating, weeding, and earthing up. At the same time, pruning and shaping of branches and leaves must also be done to ensure the growth and tree shape of the pine nut tree. As for the specific field management, you can consult, and the editor will not say more here.
6. Pest and disease control
The main pest of the pine nut tree is aphids, especially appearing most during the young tree stage of the pine nut tree. They not only harm the branches and leaves of the pine nut tree, but in severe cases can directly cause the death of young trees, and they occur mostly in summer in June and July. We can use dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate for control. Next, the pine nut tree also often suffers from needle cast disease, which is different from normal needle shedding. Normal needle shedding will not cause the pine nut tree to become bare, while needle cast disease will. When this phenomenon occurs, we can use zineb or amobam for treatment.