Latest Planting Methods and Techniques for Wild Jujube Explained in Detail
Wild jujube is mainly produced in the North China region of our country. We have all heard of red dates, green dates, winter dates and the like, but we do not know much about the wild jujube. The wild jujube was originally a wild plant, and later it was discovered by people and cultivated artificially. Among them, wild jujube juice is also a very delicious fruit juice, but it is not everyone's favorite. However, the economic value of the wild jujube is very high, so how should the wild jujube be planted? Let us take a look at its planting methods below.
1. Site selection and land preparation
The planting site for wild jujube is generally chosen on sunny hillsides, plains, hills and other places with strong sunlight, and it can even be planted on roadsides. The humidity of the planting site should not be too high; it is generally on the dry side, with good drainage, and it can be planted in relatively fertile loam soil. The soil should not be too clayey, and at the same time the soil permeability should be good. It also should not be too sandy, otherwise the soil permeability will be reduced. Land preparation needs to be divided into seedbed land and planting land. The soil quality of the seedbed land should be finely and evenly prepared, while the soil quality of the planting land does not need to be too fine, and the method of hole cultivation can be adopted. However, sufficient base fertilizer needs to be spread in both cases.
2. Scientific sowing
Before sowing, the seeds need to be germinated. Sowing can be carried out only after the germination rate reaches about 85 percent. At the same time, the seeds need to be dressed with chemicals. The sowing time is generally around April each year. At this time, the sowing density is about 50 cm between rows and 30 cm between plants, and either hole sowing or drill sowing can be used.
3. Seedling stage management
About one week after sowing, under normal circumstances, seedlings will basically emerge, so we need to check the seedling emergence in the field and promptly carry out seedling release treatment to ensure that the wild jujube seedlings can emerge safely. We should also water appropriately according to the specific situation and at the same time pull out the weeds in the field. When the seedlings grow to about 5 cm, thinning can be carried out, and only one plant needs to be left in each hole.
4. Transplanting and field planting
Transplanting can be carried out at the time of thinning. We generally transplant the seedlings removed during thinning into the field, and then when the seedlings grow to about 10 cm, formal full transplanting is carried out. Usually, field planting is done at a density of 4 to 5 m between rows and 2 to 3 m between plants. After field planting, watering should be carried out to ensure that its root system can grow and develop normally.
5. Field management
When the wild jujube seedlings grow to a height of 30 cm, we need to remove their terminal buds. This can promote the growth of side branches and thereby increase the yield of wild jujube. Secondly, we also need to prune and shape the branches and leaves of the wild jujube trees from time to time. Generally, the tree crown should be made to grow relatively loose, and at the same time the permeability between branches should also be good. Young wild jujube trees need to be fertilized multiple times a year, so as to promote the growth of the wild jujube trees, while adult wild jujube trees generally only need three topdressings a year, respectively during the branch and leaf growth period, the flowering and fruiting period, and after fruit harvesting. For the specific fertilizer application situation, you may consult. At the same time, it should be noted that reasonable flower and fruit thinning should be carried out during its flowering and fruiting period. This can increase the fruit setting rate and reduce the fruit dropping rate.
6. Pest and disease control
The most common diseases of wild jujube trees include rust disease, scorched leaf disease and fruit shrinking disease. For rust disease, we can use Bordeaux mixture for control; for scorched leaf disease, we can use Yekujing for control; and for fruit shrinking disease, we can use fungicides for control. Secondly, it also has many pests and diseases, such as jujube leafroller, mites, yellow-spined nettle caterpillar, fruit borers and stem borers. We should do a good job in orchard management, reasonably use the natural habits of pests to trap and kill them, or scientifically use chemicals to poison them.