What are the latest planting methods for Castanea henryi?
Castanea henryi is a type of chestnut, and chestnuts are mainly divided into Castanea henryi and Chinese chestnut. Chinese chestnut is grown in most parts of China, while Castanea henryi is mainly produced in the mountainous areas north of Fujian. Castanea henryi is one of China's important woody food crops. It can be processed into chestnut flour or canned goods, and it also has effects such as tonifying the kidney and boosting qi, and promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, and can be used for conditions such as inability to move the waist and legs and internal cold diarrhea. So how should Castanea henryi be planted? Below, the editor will introduce its planting methods to everyone.
1. Site selection and preparation
Castanea henryi has the characteristics of liking light, being drought-tolerant, fearing waterlogging, and not tolerating flooding. The terrain of the planting site should be relatively high and flat; generally the planting site will have a certain slope to facilitate drainage. Next, the area near the planting site should have convenient transportation for easy transport, and the planting site should have fertile soil, be far from polluted areas, have fertile soil quality, sufficient sunlight on a sunny slope, and sandy loam soil. According to different terrains and landforms, we scientifically dig planting holes. There is no need for full reclamation; it is only necessary to loosen the soil near the planting holes. The planting holes are 1 m long, 1 m wide, and 80 cm high. After digging, spread sufficient decomposed farmyard manure into the planting holes, cover with a layer of soil 3 to 4 cm thick to conceal it, and the remaining depth of the planting hole is about 40 cm, then wait for planting.
2. Planting and establishment
The row spacing of the planting holes is generally about 5 m to 6 m, and the plant spacing is about 5 m. Then plant the treated Castanea henryi seedlings according to the planting holes. The planting time is generally February in spring, or between October and November in autumn. Place one seedling in each hole, hold the seedling upright with your hands, backfill with soil, water thoroughly, and finally press the soil firm with your feet.
3. Shaping and pruning
For Castanea henryi, we generally prune according to the natural open-center form. After planting, when the new seedlings have grown about 30 cm, we can begin pruning. First, we mainly cultivate three main branches, then thin out the excess and diseased branches, and when the trunk grows to a certain length, remove the terminal bud to promote the growth of side branches and cultivate secondary and tertiary main branches. For fruiting Castanea henryi trees, we shape them according to the principle of pruning dense branches, dead branches, old branches, diseased branches, and weak branches.
4. Water and fertilizer management
Water and fertilizer management is mainly divided into two periods, namely the young tree stage and the fruiting tree stage. After planting and survival, one topdressing is needed, mainly based on urea. The growth period of young trees needs sufficient nutrients, so we should carry out topdressing according to the principle of frequent application of thin fertilizer. Nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus ternary compound fertilizer, cake fertilizer, soil miscellaneous fertilizer, and calcium fertilizer can be used respectively. For Castanea henryi trees in the fruiting period, we need to divide fertilization into four steps, namely sprouting fertilizer, pre-flowering fertilizer, fruit-preserving fertilizer, and post-harvest fertilizer. At different stages, nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, and compound fertilizer are used respectively, combining root-outside fertilization and trench fertilization.
5. Pest and disease control
The main diseases of Castanea henryi include chestnut blight and chestnut blight. We can use antibacterial agents plus dimethoate emulsion and zineb respectively for control. The most common pests include chestnut gall wasp, peach fruit borer, pearlleaf noctuid, and chestnut weevil, which can be controlled with fenpropathrin, fenitrothion, dimethoate emulsion, and phoxim respectively. Of course, these pests can all be controlled with trichlorfon or dichlorvos, and the effect is also quite good.
The planting method of Castanea henryi is actually very simple, basically consistent with the planting method of Chinese chestnut, among which water and fertilizer management, pruning and shaping, and other methods are the same, but we still need to pay attention to some details when planting, so that we can achieve twice the result with half the effort. That is all for today's sharing by the editor. If everyone still has other questions, remember to leave a message and comment for the editor.