A Detailed Guide to the Latest Cultivation Methods for Black Plum
Black plum is a variety of plum, a new type of premium fruit variety introduced to our country from the United States. The flesh of black plum fruit is thicker than that of ordinary plums, with vivid color, sweet flavor, and it is also resistant to storage and transport, making it very popular in our country. At present, black plums in our country are mainly grown in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian and other places. So, is the cultivation method for black plum the same as for ordinary plum trees? Let us take a look at its cultivation methods below.
1. Orchard Site Construction
Black plum has the characteristics of strong adaptability to the environment, good disease resistance, tolerance to saline-alkali soil, and intolerance to waterlogging. It is generally suitable for hills, slopes, terraced fields and flat land with higher terrain, good drainage, a low groundwater table, and good water and fertilizer retention. Except for flat land, other planting sites are generally dug into pits according to the terrain, and sufficient base fertilizer is applied. Flat land, however, requires ditching first, setting up a drainage system, and then digging pits, applying base fertilizer, and preparing for planting.
2. Scientific Planting
Black plum is generally planted in March each year. Of course, it can also be planted in autumn when the leaves fall, but the survival rate of spring planting is higher. The planting pits are generally dug at a row spacing of 3 m and a plant spacing of 2 m to 3 m, and pollinator trees are arranged and planted in a reasonable ratio, which helps increase the success rate of pollination, generally at a ratio of 8 to 1. Each mu can generally plant 70 to more than 100 black plum trees, and of course, no more than 110 trees at most.
3. Fertilizer and Water Management
During the young tree stage of black plum, we fertilize according to the principle of frequent application of thin fertilizer. Each fertilization should be combined with watering, and reasonable intertillage and weeding should be carried out. During this period, manure and urine water are mainly used to promote the growth of young trees, and urea also needs to be used reasonably, with at least five to six topdressings per year. Black plum generally bears fruit in three years, and for fruiting black plums, we mainly use organic fertilizer and combine it with special fruit tree fertilizer. Nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are applied before flowering, foliar fertilizer is sprayed during the fruiting period, and fertilizer is applied mainly with potassium fertilizer. After harvesting the fruit, base fertilizer should be applied in time to ensure the yield of the fruit trees the following year.
4. Fruit Tree Management
Black plum is generally pruned and shaped in the natural open-center form. First, we need to retain three to four main trunks. When the main trunks grow to about 50 to 60 cm, the terminal buds are removed to promote the growth of side branches, and gradually cultivate secondary main trunks, tertiary main trunks and reserve branches. Second, according to the growth of the fruit tree, dense branches should be reasonably thinned out, and diseased branches, dead branches and the like should be pruned cleanly, so that the fruit tree maintains a good primary-secondary relationship. The management of the flowering and fruiting periods of black plum is very important. Reasonable flower thinning is carried out half a month after flowering. About 25 days after flowering, fruit thinning can be carried out, retaining a single fruit.
The above are the cultivation methods for black plum. That is all the editor wants to introduce to everyone today. I hope it can help everyone. If you still want to learn more about black plum, please continue to follow us.