The Latest Technical Methods and Tutorial for Vineyard Field Management
Grapes have a very long cultivation history and are one of the oldest fruit crops grown in the world. Today, grapes are also a popular fruit on the market, and they can also be processed into snacks and treats, or even into the now very popular wine. Grape growing has certain environmental requirements, and it also requires professional growing techniques, so today let's learn about vineyard field management techniques with the editor.
1. Seedling stage management
Generally, vineyard field management begins after the grape seedlings are planted, and after planting, the main goals are to improve the survival rate of the grapes and promote the growth rate of the seedlings. After the grape seedlings are planted, if there is no rainfall, then we need to water reasonably according to how dry the weather is, to promote the growth of new grape roots. Next is to reasonably apply additional fertilizer according to the growth of the grape seedlings, to promote seedling growth; especially when the seedling leaves turn yellow, additional fertilizer should be applied to supplement nutrients. Fertilizer application at the seedling stage mainly follows the principle of frequent application of thin fertilizer, while mainly using nitrogen fertilizer and combining it with organic fertilizer. Finally, weeds should be removed in time, generally mainly by shallow plowing, to avoid damaging the plant roots, while also pruning reasonably.
2. Growth stage management
The growth stage of grapes is naturally meant to promote the growth of the grape vines, so that they quickly enter the flowering and fruiting stage and shorten their growth cycle. During this period, we still mainly use fertilization as the main management technique, and fertilization is still mainly nitrogen fertilizer; at this time, it needs to be combined with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. If the soil is deficient in calcium or other trace elements, reasonable supplementary micronutrient fertilizer is also needed. Another very important thing at this stage is to build a trellis, guiding the grape vines onto the trellis to grow by climbing, which can improve field ventilation and light penetration, while also reasonably pinching the tips to promote side branch growth. Finally, water reasonably according to water demand, and combine this with intertillage, which can promote nutrient absorption.
3. Fruiting stage management
For management during the fruiting stage, we generally need to proceed in several steps and cannot accomplish it all at once. First, at the spring sprouting stage, we need to fertilize once, mainly with nitrogen fertilizer, combined with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, to promote the growth of the grapevine's branches and leaves and the sprouting. Next, when the grape seedlings bloom, apply additional fertilizer once, mainly phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, in order to protect the flowers and fruits. Of course, at this time, we also need to reasonably thin the flowers and fruits, which also improves grape yield and quality and reduces physiological fruit drop. Finally, when the grapes generally grow to about the size of soybeans, we need to apply fruit-strengthening fertilizer, mainly foliar fertilizer, usually using borax to achieve the purpose of strengthening the fruit.
4. Post-harvest management
After the grapes are harvested, we need to clean and disinfect the field, which reduces damage from pests and diseases and can also reduce some pathogens at the source. At this stage, we can also properly prune the grapevines; old branches, dead branches, diseased and pest-infested branches, and so on can all be pruned off. Finally, after clearing the orchard, apply fertilizer, mainly compost, which can prepare for the grapes to overwinter and for a high yield the following year.
Vineyard field management is also a crucial step in grape growing techniques, and it is also the key to high grape yields. Today, the editor mainly gave everyone a brief introduction to vineyard field management techniques from each of its growth stages, hoping it can help everyone.