A Detailed Guide to the Four Latest Key Points of Winter Pear Orchard Management
Pears are a popular fruit in winter, and winter is also the season for harvesting pears. The pear is also a perennial fruit tree, and after harvest most of the nutrients in the tree leave with the fruit, leaving the pear tree in a very weakened state. Therefore, winter pear orchard management work is very important. So how should pear trees be managed in winter? Below, the editor brings you the key points of winter pear orchard management. Let's take a look!
1. Cultivation and Weeding
Cultivation and weeding are very important for the growth of pear trees in winter. As mentioned just now, pear trees have very few nutrients in winter. If weeds are not removed in time, the weeds will rob the pear trees of nutrients, causing the trees' nutrient absorption to be blocked, preventing them from recovering their vigor and making them highly susceptible to frost damage. Therefore, in winter we should combine this with fertilization: after removing the weeds cleanly, bury them in the soil as green manure. Then deep-plow the soil. When cultivating, pay attention to the position to determine the cultivation depth. For example, it should not be too deep under the canopy, while between the rows deep-plow about 25 cm to destroy the overwintering sites of pathogens and insect eggs.
2. Timely Fertilization
Fertilization is an important measure to restore the vigor of pear trees as quickly as possible. When pear trees lack nutrients, their vigor weakens and their cold resistance and disease resistance also drop greatly. Therefore, we must promptly replenish the nutrients lost through fruit harvest. Before the onset of winter, deep-plow once, dig the fertilization trenches well, and then apply sufficient overwintering fertilizer. This promotes nutrient absorption by the pear trees and restores their vigor. The amount of fertilizer applied at this time accounts for about 30% of the total annual fertilizer amount. Be sure to pay attention to the amount: it must not be too much or too little. Too much can easily cause fertilizer burn, while too little leads to insufficient nutrients and frost damage to the pear trees. The fertilizer should mainly be decomposed farmyard manure.
3. Pruning and Training
Pruning and training work is done to prevent the pear tree from having too many branches, which would consume too many nutrients on the branches and affect the growth of the main trunk. When pruning, we should pay attention to adopting different pruning methods for trees of different ages. For example, for pear trees within two years of growth, the 3 or so new branches produced by summer branch bending should be tied up and propped up. Ensure the branches have an angle of about 65 cm to prevent excessively vigorous growth and promote a dwarfed canopy. Then, for mature pear trees, use methods such as thinning and heading back to improve the canopy's permeability and enhance the branches' fruiting capacity.
4. Pest and Disease Control
Pest and disease control work requires special attention throughout the year. In winter, focus on clearing fallen leaves and branches, fallen flowers and fruit, weeds, and pruned branches, and carry them out of the orchard for burning. Then be sure to scrape clean the lifted bark on the fruit trees to destroy the overwintering sites of pests and pathogens. You can also place rice straw around the pear trees to lure pests onto the straw to overwinter, then burn it in the spring of the following year. Then whitewash the main trunk of the pear trees. After leaf fall, spray agents such as Baume degree lime-sulfur mixture evenly and thoroughly throughout the pear orchard, and use the medicinal residue for the trunk whitewashing work.
The above is a brief introduction to the key points of winter pear orchard management. Winter management work in the pear orchard is very important. If managed improperly, it may at best affect the next year's flowering and fruiting, and at worst cause the pear trees' flowering and fruiting rates to be very low thereafter. Therefore, everyone must pay close attention. That is all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only. Thank you for reading and your support.