The latest black jujube planting techniques and methods tutorial
Black jujube is also called wild persimmon or clove jujube. One type of black jujube has a pit, while another artificially grafted variety is pitless. Its main varieties are three: large-pit black jujube, milk jujube, and grape black jujube. Black jujube has effects such as supplementing qi, benefiting the spleen, and nourishing the stomach, and it has relatively high medicinal and edible value. At present, black jujube is mainly planted in China's Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi and other places, so today let us follow them and learn about black jujube planting techniques together.
1. Site selection and preparation
Black jujube has the characteristics of liking light, liking fertilizer, being slightly shade-tolerant, slightly salt-alkali tolerant, cold-resistant, drought-resistant, moisture-tolerant, and highly adaptable, which is to say that black jujube has very strong resistance. Generally, when planting black jujube, we choose a semi-shaded and semi-sunny area with fertile soil, moderate pH, sufficient water sources, and no pollution. If it is wasteland, land preparation generally requires full reclamation, but if there was a previous crop, pit reclamation can be considered. Land preparation needs to be combined with fertilization, and base fertilizer must be applied sufficiently, so that it can not only improve the soil structure of the planting site.
2. Seed treatment
In traditional planting, black jujube is propagated by seed, but for modern large-scale planting, grafting propagation is generally used. When using seed propagation, we need to treat the seeds. First, clean off the remaining pulp or impurities on the seeds, then select plump, robust seeds, then put them into wet sand and mix evenly, and finally store them in a pile with wet sand.
3. Sowing method
Black jujube planting is generally carried out every spring, and of course it can also be planted from November to December each winter. Sowing is generally done by direct seeding, scattering the seeds evenly in the field, then covering the seeds with soil, watering once, and if the temperature is low, a layer of straw or plastic film also needs to be covered on top to keep warm and retain moisture. Of course, hole sowing can also be used, and hole sowing needs to be carried out according to the density required for black jujube planting.
4. Seedling management
Before black jujube seedlings emerge, we must maintain a certain humidity in the field. Before emergence, keeping the field humidity at around 50 percent is sufficient. The humidity should not be too high, otherwise it is easy to cause seed rot and affect the emergence rate of black jujube. But if sowing in winter, we only need to water the soil thoroughly after sowing, cover it with straw or plastic film, and then wait for emergence. After emergence, we should wait at least seven days before watering, so that it can adapt to the environment as quickly as possible, and apply additional fertilizer appropriately to promote the growth of the seedlings.
5. Field management
When black jujube saplings have grown to about 20 cm, we can transplant and establish them. The planting density is controlled at about 2 m between rows and 1.5 m between plants. After establishment, when the saplings grow to about 50 cm, prune the saplings appropriately. In general, during their young tree period, pruning and shaping should be carried out at least about six times a year, until a complete tree shape is formed. After black jujube blooms and bears fruit, it is only necessary to water and fertilize reasonably according to its different growth stages, and carry out branch and leaf pruning and orchard cleaning each spring and after fruit harvesting.
The above is the black jujube planting technique that the editor wants to introduce to everyone today. I hope it can help all friends. If you want to learn more detailed planting techniques, remember to follow us.