What are the latest key points to note when planting Amur grape?

There are many varieties of grapes, and they are now a common major fruit sold fresh and dried as snacks. The Amur grape is an important wild economic crop, and in recent years it has also attracted many people to invest in it or plant it on a large scale themselves. So what details should we pay special attention to during the planting of Amur grapes? Below I will list and explain them one by one.

1. Orchard establishment

Choose a wind-sheltered, sunny site with deep soil for planting. In autumn or early spring, dig planting rows about 0.5 m apart and about 1 m wide, leaving a ditch of about 15 cm for drainage and irrigation. After digging, mix the excavated soil with fallen leaves and base fertilizer and add it to the row surface to use as nutrient soil for cultivation. Use a fan-shaped trellis method for planting, otherwise rainfall will cause disease infection.

2. Field planting

Choose pure grafted seedlings with longer and more numerous roots for planting, preferably with a stem thickness of more than 0.5 cm and a plant height of about 80 cm. The buds should be plump and the internodes short and thick. Planting must be done from April to May. Autumn planting must be done before frost. Before planting, the roots can be soaked in water mixed with rooting powder so that they take root quickly after planting and to help the roots recover. The planting hole is generally 1 m deep and 1 m wide. First mix the subsoil with fertilizer and fill it back, then water once, fill in some topsoil and base fertilizer, place the seedling in, hold the seedling with one hand while backfilling soil with the other, then lightly tread the soil once, straighten the seedling and lift it gently, water thoroughly, and then mound soil up to the root crown; the planting is then complete.

3. Management

1. Fertilizer and water

Base fertilizer is all farmyard organic fertilizer, generally applied before autumn frost. Topdressing is done in stages. During the bud break stage, apply urea 15.0 kg + superphosphate 7.5 kg + potassium sulfate 15 kg; one week before the flowering stage, apply urea 20 kg + superphosphate 10 kg + potassium sulfate 20 kg per mu; before the fruit changes color, a certain amount of phosphate fertilizer needs to be supplemented. If the stems appear unable to climb, some plant ash should be used to supplement potassium fertilizer and strengthen the stems. After the grapes are trained onto the trellis and before bud break, water once to promote bud break; before flowering, during the shoot growth stage, water once to promote growth; during the berry coloring stage, water once; before winter cold protection, water once with winter irrigation water, and after the water has seeped into the soil, cover with soil. Generally, watering is not allowed during the flowering stage, as it is not conducive to flower retention.

2. Cold protection

Between October and November, carry out mounding with soil for cold protection. Take soil from a place a little farther from the roots, break it up finely and disinfect it, add decomposed farmyard manure, mix evenly, and then pile it at the base of the plant, covering with soil up to about 20 cm of the stem, so as to effectively protect against cold. The covering soil can be gradually dug away after the weather warms up the following spring.

The main issues needing attention in Amur grape planting are the above major points. Although various detailed problems may appear in actual production, I believe that generally by following the above, most problems can be avoided.