How to prune grapes? Key points of the latest technical method tutorial
The market demand for grapes has also grown larger and larger in recent years, so their planting area is also constantly expanding. Nowadays more and more people grow grapes, but many beginners do not understand their cultivation techniques. The management of grapes is very important and directly affects the yield, especially pruning. Reasonable pruning can improve air and light penetration, so today we bring you the key points of grape pruning techniques. Let's take a look below!
1. Pruning time
The pruning time for grapes is divided into two periods, generally carried out in autumn and winter and in summer. When pruning, the pruning time should be reasonably adjusted according to the planting region. If planted in the north, because frost comes relatively early, pruning should begin before the soil freezes. In the south, it should wait until all grape leaves have fallen and new buds are sprouting. The pruning time should not be too late; if too late, a late spring cold snap is likely to occur in spring. This causes grape bleeding and consumes too many nutrients. If pruning in summer, it is mainly based on bud removal and branch thinning.
2. Trunk pruning
When planting in the south, after all the grape seedlings of the year are planted, trunks of different specifications should be cultivated according to specific requirements. In the first year of planting, several trunks of varying lengths should be cultivated, and then 2 main vines should be cultivated at the top of the trunk. When they grow to about 1 m, pinching should be done, and after entering winter, short pruning should be carried out at 90 cm on the main vine. If in the north, then we should prune the trunk to an angle of about 20 degrees to the ground. Then after budding, do a good job of bud removal, mainly focusing on buds within 50 cm from the trunk.
3. Winter pruning
During winter pruning, for vigorously growing main vines, short pruning should be carried out at about 60-70 cm. Weakly growing main vines should be appropriately adjusted according to the actual situation. Then pruning is carried out to continue cultivating them as main vines. If the number of main vines in the current year is insufficient, then about 3 buds can be left at the base of one-year-old main vines for pruning. Increase the number of main vines the following year, then starting from the second year, select one vigorous main vine as an extension branch for cultivation. After entering summer, carry out pinching at a position of about 0.7 m on the extension branch of the main vine.
4. Pruning of vigorously growing trees
For vigorously growing grapevines, the side vines should be dealt with first, and the side vines should retain about 5 buds for short pruning. If the growth is weak, then the number of retained buds can be appropriately reduced to 3, laying a good foundation for cultivating fruiting branch groups. Then starting from the second year, new main vines growing from the base should be kept, and in the third year side vines should be retained. Then each year use this method to cultivate branches and fruiting mother branches. Ensure full uniformity on the trellis surface. When there are about 3 branch groups, the shaping and pruning work is basically complete. Afterward, prune the extension branches according to the length of the fruiting mother branches to maintain the tree shape.
The above is a brief introduction to the key points of grape pruning techniques. The pruning work for grapes is very important. We should aim to improve air and light penetration, promote flowering and fruiting, and increase yield. That is all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only, and we hope it can help everyone!