What are the key points to note when fertilizing fruit trees? A full analysis of the latest key points
The growth and development of fruit trees cannot be separated from fertilizer, and each type of fruit tree has its own development patterns and growth patterns. How to fertilize according to the growth and development patterns of fruit trees is the key to achieving high yields. However, because of improper fertilization, some fruit growers often encounter various problems. Let's take a look below with the editor at the key points to note when fertilizing fruit trees.
1. Blind fertilization
The growth and development of fruit trees follow their own natural patterns: sprouting in spring, growing in summer, harvesting in autumn, and storing in winter. For example, the nutrients absorbed and stored from September to November before winter, in the tree body, wood, flower buds, and root system, are used for flowering and fruiting the following spring. However, many fruit growers do not water or fertilize for a long time, which affects nutrient storage and the following year's production. In planting management, they act on their own feelings: when they should water and fertilize, they do not water or fertilize, and when they should not water or fertilize, they water and fertilize indiscriminately. This causes an imbalance between reproductive growth and vegetative growth of fruit trees, resulting in excessive shoot growth, a falsely vigorous tree body, and a large amount of physiological fruit drop.
2. Single-type fertilization
To save trouble, many fruit growers lack knowledge about fertilizing fruit trees and apply only a single nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer or only organic fertilizer. This causes fruit trees to lack multiple elements such as calcium, magnesium, sulfur, boron, silicon, iron, and zinc during growth, leading to various diseases such as yellow leaf disease, little leaf disease, black spot disease, and rot disease. The correct fertilization method should be based on nutrient conditions, mixing well-composted organic fertilizer with nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, trace elements, and biological bacterial fertilizer, so as to meet the needs of fruit tree growth and development and obtain high yields.
3. Improper fertilization timing
September to November is the peak period of fertilizer and water demand for fruit trees. At this time, first, the fruit needs to expand, second, it needs to color, third, it needs to provide nutrients required for flower bud differentiation, and it also needs to provide various nutrients for the tree body to store nutrients. However, many fruit growers, fearing that a small amount of fruit may be knocked off, do not fertilize or water, postponing the golden period of fertilization to November or even February to March of the following year. According to data, the nutrients stored by the tree body from September to October account for 80%-85% of the whole year, while from November to December, because the temperature is lower, root growth stops and the water absorption rate is lower. When fertilizing at this time, the nutrient storage of fruit trees accounts for only 65%-70%, affecting the following year's yield.
4. Fertilizing too deeply
Many fruit growers fertilize without regard to variety and tree age, and when fertilizing they do not pay attention to science and reasonableness, applying as deeply as possible. Crop growth cannot do without fertilizer and water, light, or temperature. Most roots are concentrated in the 20-30 cm soil layer, which is the concentrated area for absorbing nutrients. Some fruit growers apply fertilizer 80 cm deep, and some even more than 1 m deep. Once watered, nutrients seep down with the water to the lower layers, and the roots simply cannot absorb them, resulting in wasted fertilizer. Therefore, fertilization should generally be applied to 15-20 cm, and then watered after application. After the water seeps down, it just combines with the root system, achieving twice the result with half the effort.
The above is an introduction to the key points to note when fertilizing fruit trees. We hope it can help you. To learn more related knowledge, please keep following us.