Latest Field Management Technical Points for Ponkan Mandarin Cultivation
Ponkan mandarin is a citrus variety of the Rutaceae family, with thin skin, high sweetness, rich aroma, and abundant, sweet and delicious juice. It has a very large planting area in the southern regions of China. Moreover, ponkan mandarin also has certain medicinal effects, can supplement the human body with vitamins and other nutrients, and is welcomed by many people. Now more and more people are growing it, so how should ponkan mandarin be managed during cultivation? Below, the editor brings you the key points of field management for ponkan mandarin. Let's take a look!
1. Soil management
Soil has a very large impact on the growth of ponkan mandarin. Although ponkan mandarin can grow in most soils, the quality of the soil is directly related to the yield and fruit quality of ponkan mandarin. Therefore, before planting ponkan mandarin, we should choose soil that is permeable and fertile, deep and loose, and with normal drainage and irrigation, and then do a good job of land preparation and disinfection. After planting, deep plowing and hole expansion should be carried out once every year to promote soil maturation. It should be noted that tall crops such as corn must not be interplanted in the orchard. Reasonable intercropping should be carried out, and cultivation and weeding should be done well.
2. Scientific fertilization
Fertilization for ponkan mandarin is mainly soil fertilization, supplemented by foliar fertilizer. Fertilization methods can include trench application, strip application, hole application, and various other methods. The amount and type of fertilizer should be controlled according to tree age. For example, when fertilizing young trees, the principle of applying more frequently but in small amounts should be followed, with nitrogen fertilizer as the main type, combined with an appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Apart from winter, fertilization should be carried out at least about 5 times. For adult trees, fertilization should be carried out about 4 times during the bud break stage, flowering and fruiting stage, fruit harvesting stage, and other periods. The amount of fertilizer applied in each period is different. For example, during the bud break stage, about 3 jin per tree should be applied, and the fertilization amount should be adjusted reasonably.
3. Reasonable watering
Water is also very important for the growth of ponkan mandarin. When planting ponkan mandarin, we should pay attention to frequent watering to avoid soil drought, and water timely during drought. However, the amount of watering should not be too much; keeping the soil moist is sufficient. If there is a rainy season or excessive watering causes water accumulation in the field, then drainage should be carried out in time to avoid root rot affecting the growth of ponkan mandarin, reducing the number of flowers and fruits of ponkan mandarin, and affecting planting benefits. During high temperatures in summer, because water evaporates quickly, the amount of watering should be appropriately increased in summer, or rice straw can be used as mulch to reduce the rate of water evaporation.
4. Proper pruning
Ponkan mandarin trees are large, so we also need to do a good job of pruning during cultivation. Pruning should be reasonably adjusted according to tree age. When pruning young trees, light pruning should be the main method, selecting the central extended branch and the main and auxiliary main branches for one heavy cutting back. Adjust the growth direction of the buds at the cut to ensure balanced growth of each main branch. Then, appropriately thin out branch groups that are too dense. If it is a tree that has just begun to bear fruit, then the main extended branches should continue to be cut back. Remove summer shoots and promote autumn shoots mainly by methods such as ringing and root pruning.
The above is a brief introduction to the key points of field management for ponkan mandarin cultivation. The field management work for ponkan mandarin is very important and directly affects the yield of ponkan mandarin. Therefore, it is also closely related to one's own interests, so everyone must pay more attention. That is all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only, and I hope it can help everyone!