The Latest Scientific Orchard Management Techniques and Methods Tutorial for Yellow Peaches
The yellow peach is a consistently excellent peach variety in China, with abundant juice and thick flesh, a delicious taste, and effects such as improving immunity. It is a health-promoting fruit and generally comes onto the market in August. Its cultivation benefits are relatively high, and the planting area is currently expanding continuously, but various problems are inevitably encountered during cultivation. Let's take a look at the orchard management techniques for yellow peaches together with the editor below.
1. Fertilizer and Water Regulation
If the yield of yellow peaches is to be high, fertilization is essential. Its fertilization principle is light fertilizer applied frequently, promoting early and controlling later. Generally, fertilization should be carried out three times before June, with about 50 grams of urea and 50 grams of monopotassium phosphate applied per tree each time. Yellow peaches are suitable for slightly acidic soil, so ammonium bicarbonate must not be applied during fertilization, as it will alkalize the soil. During the growing period, elements such as magnesium and iron are easily deficient and must be supplemented in time. The fertilizer requirement is greatest during the fruiting period, accounting for about 40% of the total annual fertilizer application. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should all be applied, and fertilization should be comprehensive.
2. Pruning and Shaping
Yellow peaches have strong sprouting and branching ability, so during the growing period branches and leaves must be pruned frequently to avoid affecting permeability, which is unfavorable to plant growth and development. The main pruning targets are water sprouts and excessively dense branches, and new shoots, weak shoots, surplus shoots and late-autumn shoots that consume nutrients and are not retained should be removed. Pruning of young trees is mainly for shaping. In addition to the main trunk, enough side branches must be retained, with branches kept level by level, and only surplus branches removed, to promote the young tree in forming a canopy as quickly as possible. In summer, growth is vigorous, and bearing trees can have their shoots renewed, cutting away some old branches and leaving a portion of new shoots. If some growing side branches are too dense, they can be pulled down with ropes to open the angle, with basal buds removed and surplus buds removed. Winter pruning mainly clears dead branches and diseased and insect-damaged branches, improves structure, and renews and rejuvenates the tree.
3. Fruiting Period Management
Yellow peaches have three physiological fruit drops during the fruiting period, so buds should be wiped to promote strong branches, and then topdressing should be applied to maintain nutrition, removing some branch tips to concentrate nutrition for supplying the fruit. Fruit should be thinned at the right time, retaining high-quality fruit at good nodes on strong branches, while diseased fruit, mummified fruit, small fruit and deformed fruit should be thinned out. For clustered fruit, one to two good fruit should be retained and the rest removed. Growth regulators can be sprayed to retain fruit, and after spraying fungicides, bagging should be carried out to protect the fruit from diseases and insect pests.
4. Strengthen Disease and Pest Control
The main disease of yellow peaches is peach anthracnose, which mainly damages the fruit, forming lesions and eventually causing rot and drop, seriously affecting both yield and quality. In addition to timely pruning of diseased fruit and diseased branches, control also requires spraying 5 degrees Baume lime sulfur mixture mixed with 100-fold sodium pentachlorophenate solution before germination to eliminate overwintering pathogens. During the disease onset period, spray 80% anthracnose Fumei 800-fold solution or 72% Dupont Curzate 800-fold solution. The main insect pest is the peach aphid, which pierces and sucks sap, causing sooty mold and spreading viral diseases. It can be controlled by spraying 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate aqueous solution at 1000-fold or 40% acephate emulsifiable concentrate aqueous solution at 1000-fold.
The above is an introduction to scientific orchard management techniques for yellow peaches. We hope it can help you. To learn more related knowledge, please stay tuned to us.