The four major misconceptions in soil, fertilizer and water management for fruit trees, do you know them all?
The varieties of fruit trees in our country are still very rich, and every place has all kinds of fruits. Fruit tree cultivation is a very important planting industry in our country. When planting fruit trees, no matter what kind of fruit it is, we all need to do a good job in soil, fertilizer and water management. However, many people often make some misconceptions in management and planting. What exactly are they? Below, the editor has brought you the four major misconceptions in soil, fertilizer and water management for fruit trees. Let's take a look!
1. Timing of nitrogen fertilizer application
When fertilizing, nitrogen fertilizer is certainly an indispensable kind of fertilizer. When applying nitrogen fertilizer, it is generally divided into nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen, two different forms that act differently. No matter what form of nitrogen it is, after entering the fruit tree, it will be converted into nitrate nitrogen, then into amino acids and various other nutrients, and accumulate in the tree body. This period is usually relatively long, so we should pay attention to the application time of nitrogen fertilizer. It should not be applied in spring, as it has little effect on the flowers and fruits of the current year and on flower bud differentiation. It is best to apply it in autumn before the fruit trees shed their leaves. This is the peak period of fertilizer demand for fruit trees and also a key stage for supplementing fruit nutrition.
2. Fertilization depth
When fertilizing, many fruit growers believe that fertilizer should be applied deeply, as only then can fertilizer loss be prevented. In fact, this idea is wrong. When we fertilize, some water-soluble elements in the fertilizer, such as calcium and potassium, can seep into the soil together with watering. Each watering will deepen the penetration depth. If the traditional fertilization method is used, then the depth should be kept at about 45 cm. However, with the traditional fertilization method, watering will continue after fertilization, which will lead to serious fertilizer leakage and reduce the utilization rate. Therefore, whether it is base fertilizer or topdressing, we should pay attention to the shallow root system, and keep the fertilization depth at about 15 cm.
3. Cultivation depth
During cultivation, many people also have the misconception that the cultivation depth should be appropriately deeper, so as to enhance the soil's moisture-conserving capacity. Before cultivating, we should first understand the different roles of the deep and shallow root systems of fruit trees. Deep roots generally fix the tree body and ensure the growth of the fruit tree. The shallow root system directly affects flower bud differentiation and fruit quality of the fruit tree. Therefore, in order to ensure normal flower bud differentiation and improve fruit quality, we should pay attention to protecting the shallow root system at about 15 cm. Therefore, when cultivating, it is only necessary to break the surface layer of the soil and destroy the soil capillaries.
4. Watering method
When we water, there are also many misconceptions. Among them, especially the watering method, many people mainly use flood irrigation. In fact, whether the fruit tree has a large or relatively small water demand, flood irrigation is not suitable when watering. If flood irrigation is used, the fruit tree roots distributed in the shallow soil will die due to lack of oxygen, and the soil will also become compacted as a result. Therefore, when watering, we generally mainly use drip irrigation or seepage irrigation, which is not only beneficial to the growth and development of fruit trees, but can also reduce water and labor costs.
The above is a brief introduction to the four common misconceptions in soil, fertilizer and water management. That is all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only, and we hope it can be helpful to everyone!