How to manage grapes in spring? Detailed explanation of the latest technical key points
Grapes are a fruit that many people enjoy eating very much, and quite a few people grow them. When growing grapes, a suitable management method is the key to ensuring grape yield and quality. And when we manage grapes, we need to reasonably adjust the management method according to seasonal changes. So how should grapes be managed in spring? Below, the editor will give everyone a brief introduction. Let's take a look together!
1. Watering to promote bud break
Every year in February to March, the grape plants will gradually enter the bud break stage. At this time, we should pay attention to timely watering enough bud-promoting water, and should also apply an appropriate amount of quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer. During this period, for those who are able, it is best to irrigate the whole vineyard to meet the water needs of all plants. Make sure the buds on every grapevine are uniform, and this time is also an important period for flower bud differentiation and new shoot growth in grapevines. So the demand for nutrients is still very large, and therefore an appropriate amount of decomposed farmyard manure should be applied to meet the nutritional needs.
2. Applying bud-promoting fertilizer well
When the buds on the grapevine begin to swell, bud-promoting fertilizer can be applied in a timely manner. Because at this time, the grapevine's root system begins to grow and has strong absorption capacity. Moreover, this time is not only the bud break stage of grapes, but also the time when grape flower buds continue to differentiate. There is a great demand for nutrient absorption by the root system, so at this time fertilization should mainly use quick-acting fertilizer. Fertilizers such as urea can be used. Dig a fertilization trench about 50 cm away from the main vine, then fully mix the fertilizer with the soil and apply it into the trench. It can play various roles such as improving fertility, improving the soil environment, and promoting root growth.
3. Branch and vine management
Spring branch and vine management of grapes is very important. We should pay attention to successively doing well such work as bud removal, shoot tip removal, and pinching. Removing buds and shoot tips from grapes is mainly to maintain the nutrient balance within the grapevine, which has a very large impact on grape yield and quality. If winter pruning was done the previous year, then during spring pruning it is enough to make appropriate adjustments on the previous basis. If there are many buds, then leaving one bud about every 20 cm on the main vine is enough. Finally, before grapes bloom, keep 6-7 leaves above the flower cluster for pinching, leave about two leaves on side shoots and pinch them, then remove the buds at the base of the leaves, and repeat pinching afterward.
4. Unearthing and trellising
In spring, when the daily average temperature stabilizes at around 10 degrees, the cold-protection soil should be removed in a timely manner. Then after the grapes are unearthed, let them hang loose and dry in the sun for a period. And the branches should also be laid flat on the ground to prevent the branches' apical dominance from being too strong and the bud break rate from declining. After drying in the sun, the grape branches and vines can be put on the trellis. Pay attention to the growth vigor and inclination of the branches and vines, tie the grape branches and vines to the trellis, and do a good job of protection. The force should not be too great, to prevent the old vines from being damaged. In particular, be careful to protect the buds to avoid dropping them from impact. Then the bed surface should mainly be low outside and high inside, and drainage work should be done well.
The above is a brief introduction to how to manage grapes in spring. That is all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only, and I hope it can help everyone!