What are the main types of combine harvesters?
This article gives a general introduction to the knowledge about the main types and kinds of combine harvesters. The main types of combine harvesters include self-propelled wheeled full-feed combine harvesters, self-propelled crawler full-feed combine harvesters, self-propelled crawler semi-feed combine harvesters, mounted combine harvesters, and so on. Let us learn about them together.
What are the main types of combine harvesters
1. Self-propelled wheeled full-feed combine harvester: this model is relatively suitable for operations in North China, Northeast China, Northwest China, the Central Plains region and dryland environments. It is mainly used for harvesting wheat and can also harvest rice. It is suitable for long-distance transfer and is the main model for cross-region harvesting and contracted cross-area operations.
2. Self-propelled crawler full-feed combine harvester: this model is relatively suitable for operations in Central China and areas to the south, on dry or flooded land or paddy fields with wet soil, and is suitable for harvesting wheat and rice crops. It can carry out cross-region harvesting and contracted cross-area operations, but if long-distance transfer is required, truck transport is needed.
3. Self-propelled crawler semi-feed combine harvester: this model is mainly suitable for rice harvesting and can also harvest wheat. It is the product with the highest complexity factor among small and medium-sized combine harvesters, and its price is also the highest. Compared with other models, the grain after harvesting has a higher degree of cleanliness, and it can adapt to harvesting conditions with deep mud and severe lodging, while also ensuring that the stalks remain intact after harvesting.
4. Mounted combine harvester: the mounted combine harvester uses tractor power to carry out combined harvesting operations, and there are two kinds: single-power and dual-power. This model is cheap and can serve multiple purposes with one machine, but assembly and disassembly are relatively troublesome.
As mentioned above, when purchasing a combine harvester, the machine's area of use, harvesting target and nature of the operation are important factors to consider.
A combine harvester is a compound operation machine that integrates functions such as harvesting, threshing, separation, cleaning and grain collection.
It plays an important role in reducing agricultural labour intensity, increasing productivity, lowering agricultural production costs, making good use of the farming season and promoting abundant harvests. Today, through contracted cross-area operations, combine harvesters have become an important way and vehicle for farmers and machine operators to increase their income.
Combine harvesters can be divided into three types: trailed, self-propelled and back-mounted. A trailed combine harvester refers to a combine harvester that is pulled by a tractor for operation. This kind of combine harvester can also be divided into two types: self-powered and non-powered. The trailed combine harvester has a relatively simple structure, but the unit is rather bulky, has poor mobility, cannot open its own path, and is not suitable for small-plot operations. A self-propelled combine harvester refers to a combine harvester in which the power required for travelling, harvesting, threshing and cleaning is all supplied by the machine's own engine. Compared with the trailed combine harvester, the self-propelled combine harvester is characterised by good mobility, the ability to open its own path, convenient transfer and high production efficiency, but its cost is relatively high and its power utilisation rate is low. A back-mounted combine harvester (also called a mounted combine harvester) refers to a combine harvester whose working parts are mounted on a tractor or universal chassis. It basically retains the advantages of the self-propelled type and overcomes the disadvantage of the self-propelled type's low power utilisation rate, and its cost is relatively low. However, because the overall design is limited by the tractor's structure, the conveying mechanism distance is lengthened, the cleaning mechanism is shortened, and the transmission is relatively complex.
Classified by feeding method, combine harvesters can be divided into full-feed and semi-feed types. A full-feed combine harvester refers to a combine harvester in which all the grain cut by the header enters the threshing cylinder. Most combine harvesters for harvesting wheat crops adopt this feeding method, and its disadvantages are that the stalks are not intact and power consumption is high. A semi-feed combine harvester refers to a combine harvester in which only the heads of the crops cut by the header enter the threshing cylinder for threshing. This model keeps the stalks intact and reduces the power consumption of threshing and cleaning. At present, combine harvesters with this feeding method are mostly used in the rice-producing areas of the south. However, the transmission mechanism for conveying the stalks is complex and the manufacturing cost is high. There is also a snapping-type combine harvester (also called a stripping combine harvester), which has begun to be researched and developed in recent years. During harvesting operations, the header only collects the grain, threshing first and then cutting the crop stalks. This structure has high operational efficiency and low power consumption, but the loss rate is relatively high.
1. It can be divided by feed rate (or cutting width) into three types: large, medium and small.
2. Divided by travelling device, it can be divided into two types: wheeled and crawler.
3. Divided by crop name, it can be divided into wheat combine harvesters, rice combine harvesters, rice-wheat combine harvesters, corn combine harvesters, and so on.
There are many models of combine harvesters. At present, the models most widely used in China mainly include: one is the full-feed self-propelled combine harvester, such as Xinjiang-2, Foton Gushen 4LZ—2, Jialian—3060, etc.; the second is the full-feed back-mounted combine harvester, such as Guilian—6, Shanghai III, etc.; the third is the semi-feed self-propelled combine harvester, such as Yanmar Renminhao, Toyo HL6000C, Kubota—481, etc. In recent years, another full-feed crawler combine harvester has been used more in the southern regions of China, such as Nantong Wushan—1.5, Huzhou—130, Changchai 4LZ—1.6, Taizhou—150, etc. The working process of this type of combine harvester is the same as that of the full-feed mounted combine harvester, and its travelling device is similar to that of the semi-feed self-propelled combine harvester.