What types of sprinkler irrigation equipment are suitable for development in our country
In order to make full use of water-saving irrigation and soil moisture retention techniques, various sprinkler irrigation equipment has been introduced on the market to increase grain yields, so what are the several types of sprinkler irrigation equipment suitable for development in our country?
Main content and technical-economic indicators
1. Applicable irrigation techniques for quick-assembly and disassembly mobile pipeline water conveyance and supporting equipment: Traditional canal water conveyance for irrigating farmland not only requires canal systems to occupy about 30% of the cultivated land, but also suffers from seepage and evaporation losses along the way, with losses typically at 30%—50%, resulting in serious resource waste. Adopting pipeline water conveyance methods can avoid losses during water conveyance and reduce the amount of cultivated land occupied. In response to the current production situation, the applicable technique of ordinary thin-walled plastic water conveyance hoses and supporting light and small portable pumping devices welcomed by individual farming households is demonstrated and promoted for irrigation. The complete set of equipment can be transferred flexibly in the field, is convenient to retain and use, and has a long service life.
2. Mechanized sprinkler irrigation techniques for open fields: Demonstrate and promote mechanized techniques suitable for large-area crop irrigation such as reel-type sprinkler irrigation systems and roll-move sprinkler irrigation units, as well as light mobile Linfeng sprinkler irrigation machines. They not only reduce labor intensity and are not restricted by terrain requirements, but also make full use of mountain springs, small ditches, ponds, reservoirs and dams in impoverished areas. Moreover, they have a resistance effect against the dry hot winds common in the north, are convenient to use and manage, and have obvious water-saving and yield-increasing effects.
3. Micro-irrigation under film and soil moisture retention techniques: Combined with the application of plastic film mulching techniques, in order to solve the difficulty of irrigating crops after mulching, demonstrate and promote micro sprinkler irrigation systems with supporting mechanization techniques. Compared with other irrigation methods, they save water obviously and irrigate evenly, which is conducive to collective absorption and growth. At the same time, demonstrate and promote highly water-absorbent resin granular soil moisture retention agents, using their characteristic of absorbing water at 1000—2000 times their weight to absorb and store rainwater during the rainy season and release it during drought, regulating the water content in the soil. They can improve soil particle structure, increase air and water permeability, and are beneficial to crop growth. After adopting this technique, the water utilization rate can be increased by more than 30%, energy can be saved by 5:%—10%, and crop yield per unit area can be increased by about 10%. It can also be comprehensively used for applying liquid fertilizer, pesticides, etc.
Suitable application areas: This technique is most suitable for irrigation in areas with complex terrain in hilly and mountainous regions. It has strong adaptability and is not restricted by terrain undulation. It can be used in water-scarce areas nationwide, such as the Northwest, North China and Northeast regions. It is especially suitable for impoverished areas, mountainous areas, hills, arid and semi-arid regions.
Technique promotion methods: In connection with the actual local conditions, selectively introduce techniques and equipment, and through demonstration experiments, let farmers see the actual results and adopt them voluntarily.