Daily Care and Maintenance Methods for Precision No-Till Hill Seeders
Adopting minimum tillage and no-till in agricultural planting is a new type of tillage method and also a conservation tillage technique, mainly referring to no-till sowing. Among the many brands of no-till seeders, a small, mounted precision no-till hill seeder is very economical and practical, suitable for small-area planting by individual households, and has been recognized and actively purchased by many farmers. The promotion and use of the precision no-till hill seeder can be said to be a concrete implementation of conservation tillage, perfectly in line with the current development of spring plowing. How should the precision no-till hill seeder be cared for and maintained daily?
Care and Maintenance of the Precision No-Till Hill Seeder
The following points should be noted when using the precision no-till hill seeder: before sowing, the seeds must be carefully selected, requiring air separation, while ensuring that the seeds are uniform in size and that debris and other impurities in the seeds are removed. For seeds coated with a seed dressing agent, the coated seeds must be dried, and before sowing, 1% talcum powder should be mixed in to reduce sticking. Fertilizer is also required to be uniform in granules, free from moisture-induced clumping that reduces flowability, and free from large lumps that block the fertilizer box; particular attention should also be paid to the fact that the paper labels on certain fertilizers can easily mix into the fertilizer box.
To keep the hill seeder in good technical condition, it needs to be used and adjusted reasonably to ensure work quality and extend service life. The items that need adjustment during operation include: adjustment of the seed metering device, adjustment of the ridge spacing, adjustment of the fertilizer amount and fertilization depth, adjustment of the sowing depth, adjustment of the soil covering device, adjustment of the suspension frame, and adjustment of the seeding rate.
At the start of operation, a small area should be trial-sown; only after confirming that the seed plant spacing, row spacing, seeding rate and fertilization rate meet the requirements can large-area operation begin.
The hill seeder must not be reversed while sowing, and the implement must be raised when traveling on roads and turning at the headlands.
For plots to be sown, if straw is not returned to the field and thus too much residual straw remains, in order to ensure a full stand of seedlings, the land should be appropriately cleared depending on the situation, which also allows the machine to work better, because the small precision no-till hill seeder has certain limitations compared with large no-till seeders.
Before operation, check whether the bolts at all parts are loose or missing, whether the transmission parts are stuck, whether the transmission chain tension is appropriate, and whether all lubricating parts have been filled with lubricating oil. After use, check the wear condition of all components, check whether all connections are reliable, and whether bolts are loose or missing; if any abnormality is found, repair it promptly. Carry out lubrication and maintenance as appropriate; after each shift, check the seed box and seed metering device, check the fertilizer box, and remove any debris that may remain inside.
After the operation season ends, promptly remove oil stains and debris from the machine surface. Carefully clean the seed box and fertilizer box, re-lubricate all lubrication points, clean the transmission parts and coat them with oil to prevent rust, and choose a suitable location to store the whole machine.
Structure and Performance of the Precision No-Till Hill Seeder
The precision no-till hill seeder is not large in overall dimensions, has a simple structure and fine workmanship, and its matched power is an 18-25 horsepower four-wheel tractor.
The precision no-till hill seeder is composed of the frame assembly, stubble-breaking and fertilizing disc assembly, furrow-opening disc assembly, cultivator beam assembly, ridging plow assembly, land wheel assembly, transmission shaft assembly, seed and fertilizer box assembly, seed metering device assembly, soil-covering disc assembly, press wheel assembly, suspension frame assembly, and so on.
During sowing, it works by land wheel transmission, driving the seed and fertilizer box assembly and the seed metering device assembly through a chain, and it works stably and reliably. During operation, it is float-drawn by the tractor and uses a mounted connection.
According to the corresponding planting requirements of different crops, the hill seeder has corresponding working methods and sufficient freely adjustable technical parameters.
The precision no-till hill seeder can sow soybeans, corn, sorghum and many other crops.
Common Faults of the Precision No-Till Hill Seeder and Their Troubleshooting Methods
1. The land wheel does not rotate flexibly: mechanical jamming;
2. There is debris inside the seed metering device or fertilizer metering device;
3. The transmission part throws the chain: the chain is too loose or the sprockets are not on the same plane;
4. Foreign matter is jammed between the chain and the sprocket; the transmission parts lack oil.
5. Empty holes appear in seeding: the holes of the seeding disc are blocked, or there are too few seeds, great differences in size, or too much debris;
6. The tractor travels too fast; the farmland terrain is too uneven;
7. Poor soil covering performance: the adjustment angle of the soil-covering disc is incorrect;
8. The frame is not parallel;
9. High seed breakage rate: the seeds were not cleaned or the seeds are moist;
10. The clearance between the seed-cleaning knife and the seeding disc is improper;
11. The transmission shaft is bent and deformed: the chain is too long or too dirty;
12. There are places where the transmission parts are stuck.
Safe Production Rules for the Precision No-Till Hill Seeder
Before using the precision no-till hill seeder, read the machine instruction manual carefully first. During field operation, it may be used only after a clear understanding of the machine's performance, structure, installation, adjustment and use methods.
During operation or road travel, it is strictly forbidden to carry heavy objects or ride personnel on the implement.
During operation, seed and fertilizer should be added at the headlands; when adding, the power of the hill seeder should be cut off, and during operation it is strictly forbidden to poke or stir the fertilizer metering device and other transmission parts with hands or tools.
During operation, it is strictly forbidden to operate after drinking alcohol, and strictly forbidden to operate while tired for a long time.
The above are the daily care and maintenance methods for the precision no-till hill seeder. In short, the mounted precision no-till hill seeder is a precision seeder designed according to the agronomic requirements of no-till and matched for use with low-horsepower four-wheel tractors. It has the characteristics of simple structure and convenient operation and maintenance. One operation can complete the entire process of stubble breaking, fertilizing, furrow opening, sowing, soil covering and pressing, reducing the number of operations and lowering operating costs. It can meet the production requirements of different regions and is a very practical and reliable agricultural machine, deeply welcomed by the vast number of farmers.