Four Methods for Fertilizing Newly Reclaimed Vegetable Plots: How to Increase Soil Fertility

Soil fertility has an self-evident influence on growing vegetables, but the soil fertility of newly reclaimed vegetable plots generally cannot meet the requirements. In order to fertilize new vegetable plots, many people blindly apply large amounts of fertilizer, but this method is not conducive to the healthy growth of soil fertility. Soil fertility is the basic attribute and essential characteristic of soil. It is the ability of soil to supply and coordinate nutrients, water, air and heat for plant growth, and it is the comprehensive reflection of the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil. The four major fertility factors are: nutrient factors, physical factors, chemical factors and biological factors.

Reasonable fertilization includes the following methods:

1. Deep plowing to improve the soil

The soil quality of new vegetable plots is generally poor, with a cultivated layer of only about 15 cm. When converting them into vegetable fields, because the number of planting cycles increases and nutrient consumption is high, the cultivated layer should be gradually deepened and its physical properties improved. Deep plowing can be scheduled for when summer and autumn vegetables leave the field, with two deep plowings each time, so that the cultivated layer reaches 25-40 cm.

2. Increase the application of organic fertilizer

To improve soil structure, there must be substances capable of stabilizing the structure, such as amendments, organic waste and organic fertilizer. Applying organic fertilizer can not only supply the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium needed by vegetables, but also promote the formation of soil aggregate structure, improve water and fertilizer retention capacity and increase the buffering capacity of the soil. It is the material guarantee for fertilizing new vegetable plots. Great attention should be paid to it.

3. Plant leguminous green manure

Leguminous green manure fixes nitrogen from the atmosphere. After harvesting its edible parts, the stalks are returned to the field. In particular, pressing fresh tender stems and leaves of peas, broad beans and the like into the soil as green manure can increase the content of soil organic matter and nitrogen.

4. Reasonable crop rotation

Continuous cropping of vegetables can lead to soil acidification, salinization and the spread of diseases. In areas converting grain fields to vegetable fields, special attention should be paid to reasonable crop rotation, using the differences in nutrient uptake among different vegetable varieties to slow the excessive consumption of a certain nutrient, avoid or reduce the above problems, and thereby give full play to the production potential of new vegetable fields. For example, arranging some mustard, peas and the like in the rotation can absorb and use phosphorus and potassium that ordinary vegetables cannot use, and 14%-34% is secreted back into the soil in available form, improving the phosphorus and potassium nutritional status for the next crop of vegetables. There are many ways to rotate crops, but one season of leguminous vegetables should be arranged in the rotation.

Soil fertility is an important indicator reflecting soil fertility, and it is a measure of the soil's ability to provide the various nutrients needed for crop growth. It is the comprehensive expression of the various basic properties of soil, the most essential characteristic that distinguishes soil from soil-forming parent material and other natural bodies, and also the material basis of soil as a natural resource and agricultural means of production. Only reasonable fertilization methods can allow soil fertility to grow normally and healthily.