There are techniques for transplanting scallions; do it this way to easily achieve high yields

Scallion is a biennial herbaceous plant of the genus Allium in the Liliaceae family. China has more than one hundred kinds of Allium vegetables. Allium vegetables occupy an extremely important position in Chinese vegetable production; their cultivation area accounts for 10% of the total vegetable sowing area, and their output accounts for 7% of the total output. And what “scallion growers” care about most is how to transplant (plant) it to achieve high yields. Let's learn about it together below.

1. Seedling raising and transplanting time schedule:

First crop: raise seedlings from late June to early July, transplant in September, and market in March to April of the second year; second crop: raise seedlings in mid-September, transplant in March to April of the second year, and market in August to early September.

2. Selection of seedling-raising land:

Since the seedling-raising time of both crops is almost entirely in the rainy season, you should choose a plot that is flat, slightly elevated, can be irrigated in drought and drained in waterlogging, and has not grown Liliaceae vegetables such as scallions, onions, Chinese chives, and garlic for more than 3 years.

3. Apply sufficient base fertilizer:

Because scallion seedlings have short roots that go shallowly into the soil and have a poor ability to absorb soil nutrients, to cultivate strong seedlings you must apply sufficient fully decomposed organic fertilizer and a certain amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. The specific method is: before plowing, apply 5000-6000 kg of decomposed, finely crushed barnyard manure per mu (except chicken, duck, sheep manure and fresh human excrement and urine), and level the beds. Before sowing, spread 25 kg of sulfuric-acid-type three-element compound fertilizer.

4. Fine plowing and careful harrowing, ridging and bed making:

To prevent underground pests from damaging the seedlings, after spreading the organic fertilizer, spread poisoned bait once more. That is, use 5 kg of wheat per mu, fry it yellow, then mix it evenly with 250 ml of diluted phoxim, seal and cover it for 3 hours, then spread it on the ground and turn it into the soil together with the organic fertilizer; this can kill many kinds of underground pests at once. The plowed land should be fully harrowed fine, harrowed firm, and leveled. Before making beds, first open irrigation furrows on one side of the field, then make the beds. The net width of the bed is 1-1.2 m, the bed ridge is 20-23 cm wide and 8-10 cm high (trodden firm).

After the beds are made, first spread 25 kg per mu of three-element compound fertilizer (containing 15% each of N, P, and K) in the beds, hoe thoroughly and rake level, then sow by hand.

For sowing, use 3-4 kg of seed per mu. There are two sowing methods, and you may choose either one.

5. Raking in the seed and watering:

1. Evenly broadcast the seeds on the leveled bed surface. After broadcasting, use a rake to lightly rake once, so that the seeds are fully mixed with the soil and buried shallowly in the soil, then water.

2. Stop watering when the water in the bed reaches a depth of 6-7 cm.

6. Transplant at the right time:

1. Scallion transplanting period: the transplanting period of autumn scallions is closely related to yield.

Taking transplanting at Minor Heat (July 6) as the control, transplanting at Summer Solstice increased yield by 32.9%, transplanting at Grain in Ear increased yield by 41.4%, and transplanting at Start of Autumn (August 8) reduced yield by 29.1%. The transplanting period should preferably be at Grain in Ear (early June), and you should also consider that scallion seedlings have 130 days; spring-sown seedlings are smaller than autumn-sown seedlings, and the transplanting period is about 15 days later.

2. Land selection and preparation for scallion transplanting: the transplanting plot should be basically the same as the seedling-raising plot, but attention should be paid to facilitating drainage to prevent water accumulation in the furrows during the rainy season. The previous crop land must not be plowed; open furrows according to the planting row spacing required by the variety. For autumn scallions, the depth and width of the opened furrow are 30-35 cm.

3. For scallion transplanting, apply sufficient base fertilizer: use 5000 kg of high-quality fertilizer, 50 kg of superphosphate, and 30—40 kg of compound fertilizer per mu, applied into the furrow. After fertilizing, deep plow 20—30 cm, loosen the soil in the furrow, mix the fertilizer evenly, then rake level.

4. Lifting scallion seedlings and grading: 2—3 days before lifting the seedlings, water once so that the soil remains neither dry nor wet, so that lifting the seedlings is not difficult and soil does not cling. Do it as follows: lift the seedlings, grade them (divide the seedlings into grade 1 and grade 2), trim the fibrous roots (leave roots 3—5 cm long), and transplant, all in succession.

5. Planting scallion seedlings: transplant the seedlings by grade, planting large and small ones separately. When planting seedlings, the depth should be such that the heart leaves are not buried, and 7--10 cm above the ground is suitable. Because scallion seedlings vary in size, they should be kept evenly level at the bottom.

6. Scallion transplanting density: for high-yield fields, plant 1.3—1.6 thousand plants per mu. The principle is: fertile land should be sparse, poor land should be dense; more fertilizer should be sparse, less fertilizer should be dense. For the convenience of earthing up. At present, the method of enlarging row spacing and reducing plant spacing is used. Row spacing 65—80 cm, plant spacing 5—8 cm.