How profitable is it to plant morel mushrooms after rice harvest? Detailed explanation of high-yield cultivation techniques

Now basically all rice has entered “harvest mode”, so what is good to plant after rice harvest? Many agricultural experts recommend planting morel mushrooms, because from the current point of view the rice—mushroom rotation model is quite successful, so exactly how profitable is planting morel mushrooms after rice harvest? If you plant morel mushrooms, how should you plant them?

Profit of planting morel mushrooms after rice harvest

The whole growth period of field-cultivated morel mushrooms, counted from the sowing period to the end of the harvest period, is about 6 months (small spring season: October each year to March of the following year), and the crop rotation gap just connects with the large spring crop rice. Moreover, morel mushrooms fruit stably and the yield per mu reaches more than 150kg. Because it is a rare and precious edible and medicinal fungus, the market price of morel mushrooms is high. Dried goods are about 1000 yuan per jin, and fresh goods are about 150 yuan per jin

How to plant morel mushrooms?

Morel mushroom is also called yangdu cai, yangmo, yangdu mo. It is used for food accumulation with qi stagnation, abdominal distension and fullness, and phlegm obstruction with reversed qi, asthma and cough. As the first of the world's four famous wild mushrooms, the aspect of morel mushrooms that most conquers gourmets is its tender texture, indescribable deliciousness, plus that unique appearance; after eating it once, you probably will not forget it for a lifetime. So how do you plant morel mushrooms?

1. Field selection

Choose rice fields with flat terrain, sufficient water sources, convenient drainage and irrigation, no pollution sources, and fertile soil.

2. Rice straw must be crushed and returned to the field

After rice harvest is completed each October, the rice straw must be crushed and returned to the field, and the soil plowed and loosened; fine soil texture is preferable. The bed width is 0.8m-1.2m, and the length is unlimited. For poor drainage and clayey soil, high beds should be made to prevent water accumulation on the bed surface.

3. Sowing

The sowing method can be drilling or broadcasting. For drilling, open 2-3 sowing furrows along the bed surface, with a depth of 5cm-8cm. For broadcasting, control the bed surface width at 80cm and the ditch at 60cm, do not open sowing furrows, mix the morel mushroom spawn (500 bottles/mu) with a seed dressing agent (concentration 2‰), moisten and mix evenly, then evenly sow it in the furrows or on the bed surface, cover with soil, and level the bed surface.

4. Build a shade shed

You can build a 2-meter-high medium shed or a low shed about 75cm high and about 1.1m wide. A layer of shade net must be covered outside the shed to block direct sunlight. The density of the shade net can be selected according to the local light intensity, so as to create “half shade and half sun” light intensity inside the shed.

5. Make morel mushroom bags

For the fungus bags, use 100% wheat or 85%-90% wheat and 15%-10% rice husk, soak until fully absorbed with water, and after taking them out and filtering off the surface water, mix evenly with 1% lime and 1% gypsum and bag them. Use fungus spawn bags of specifications such as 12cm×24cm and 15cm×33cm for the fungus bags. About 15-25 days after sowing, place conversion bags above the sowing furrows. Punch holes on one side of the conversion bags and place them horizontally, closely against the soil surface, and keep them until they are removed before water conversion. Pay attention to water management in daily care and keep the soil moist.

6. Water conversion management

After making the fungus bags, when the temperature stabilizes at around 8°C, enter water conversion management. Gradually increase the amount of spraying water until the mycelium on the bed surface disappears, then water once thoroughly but there must be no standing water, to promote fruiting body formation.

7. Management during the fruiting period

During the fruiting period, the temperature inside the shed should be controlled between 8°C-20°C, the relative air humidity at 85%-90%, keep the bed surface soil moist, control light at “half shade and half sun”, and maintain good ventilation and fresh air; the fruiting bodies will grow mature 7-10 days after emerging. When the honeycomb-like ascocarp part of the morel mushroom has basically unfolded, it can be harvested. After harvesting, clean off the soil, arrange by grade, sell fresh or dry. Dried products must be sealed and stored in plastic bags. Finally, in April each year, after the morel mushroom harvest is completed, the shade shed should be dismantled, and after plowing the land, rice can be planted directly. This cycle completes the morel mushroom-rice rotation.

Note:

1. Rice-morel mushroom rotation is suitable for main rice-producing areas and areas suitable for morel mushroom growth.

2. Morel mushrooms are highly dependent on climate and environment. During the fruiting period, if there is extreme low temperature, high temperature, rain and snow, drought and other weather, or if water management is not in place, etc., all will have a great impact on yield.

Therefore, during cultivation, special attention should be paid to weather changes, management should be strengthened, and by appropriately adjusting environmental factors such as temperature, light, moisture, and ventilation inside the shed, conditions suitable for morel mushroom growth should be created to meet fruiting requirements.

3. In addition, during morel mushroom cultivation, the use of chemical inputs such as pesticides and herbicides is prohibited.