2018 Panax notoginseng seed prices, per-mu seeding rate, planting time and seedling-raising methods
Panax notoginseng (Sanqi), a traditional Chinese medicine. It is mainly produced in Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan, hence the name Wenshan Sanqi, also known as Wenzhou Sanqi. So how much is Panax notoginseng seed per jin in 2018? How much is needed per mu? When is it planted? How do you raise seedlings and plant it? According to Master Wang, a large-scale Panax notoginseng grower in Wenshan, the wholesale price for an order of 1-9 kg of Panax notoginseng seed is 350-370 yuan/jin, for an order of 10-99 kg it is 320-340 yuan/jin, and for an order of 1 kg or more it is 260 yuan/jin. Moreover, seeds can now be bought directly online, though you must be careful not to buy counterfeit or inferior seeds.
How much Panax notoginseng seed is needed per mu?
Panax notoginseng seeds have after-ripening; they must be stored in damp sand until December to January of the following year to break their dormancy, at which point they can be sown. For sowing, make your own template with a 4x5cm spacing, and punch holes 2-3cm deep in the seedbed surface for dibbling. The seeding rate is 180,000-200,000 seeds per mu. For transplanting seedlings, they must be dug and transplanted in December to January of the following year, using the same method with a 1012.5cm or 1015cm template to punch holes.
When is Panax notoginseng planted?
1. Panax notoginseng is planted starting in October-November each year.
2. Panax notoginseng likes a warm winter and cool summer environment; it is not tolerant of severe cold and avoids strong light. It is best cultivated in a cool, ventilated, humus-rich loam that is loose, fertile and well drained.
How do you raise seedlings and plant Panax notoginseng?
1. Site selection and land preparation: For growing Panax notoginseng, choose slightly acidic sandy loam that is easy to drain and irrigate, on a plot with a certain slope, with a soil pH of 5.5-7.0 and an altitude of preferably 1000-1800m. To ensure the production of high-quality Panax notoginseng, you must consider whether pesticide residues and heavy metal levels in the soil exceed the limits; the limit standards are as follows: BHC ≤0.2mg/kg, DDT ≤0.2mg/kg, Pb ≤50mg/kg, Cu ≤80mg/kg, Cd ≤2mg/kg, Hg ≤lmg/kg, As ≤20mg/kg. Land preparation for Panax notoginseng requires three ploughings and three harrowings to thoroughly break up the soil clods, followed by full exposure to sunlight. For plots that have previously grown Panax notoginseng, 50-70kg of lime per mu of land is needed for disinfection.
2. Building the shade frame and making beds: Mark points and drive stakes at 1.8×1.8m. For the frame material you can use shade netting specially made for Panax notoginseng, or use local materials such as tree branches, mountain grass or crop straw, but you need to adjust the light transmittance to between 8%-15%, preferably not exceeding 20%, and absolutely not exceeding 30%, otherwise Panax notoginseng cannot grow normally. The height of the shade frame should preferably be about 1.8-2m; too low is bad for farming operations, while too high makes it prone to wind damage. The beds for Panax notoginseng should be 120-140cm wide and 15-20cm high, made in a curved-tile shape, with the bed soil firm on top and loose below.
3. Panax notoginseng seeds have after-ripening; they must be stored in damp sand until December to January of the following year to break their dormancy, at which point they can be sown. For sowing, make your own template with a 4x5cm spacing, and punch holes 2-3cm deep in the seedbed surface for dibbling. The seeding rate is 180,000-200,000 seeds per mu. For transplanting seedlings, they must be dug and transplanted in December to January of the following year, using the same method with a l0×l2.5cm or l0×l5cm template to punch holes, transplanting with the dormant bud pointing downward, at a planting density of 26,000-32,000 plants/mu. Before sowing and transplanting, the seeds must be treated by soaking in a 500-fold solution of 64% oxadixyl + 50% carbendazim; after planting, cover with burnt soil or fine soil mixed with farmyard manure until the sowing material is no longer visible, then sprinkle a layer of crushed mountain grass or pine needles.
4. Field management:
a. Drought-resistant watering. After sowing, Panax notoginseng does not emerge until March-April, during which artificial watering is needed (if the soil has a nighttime moisture-retaining property, watering may be omitted). The method is to sprinkle with a nozzle until water runs across the bed surface, generally watering thoroughly 2-3 times a month until the rainy season arrives.
b. Adjusting light transmittance. One- and two-year-old Panax notoginseng requires relatively low light transmittance, generally about 10%, while three-year-old Panax notoginseng requires stronger light transmittance, preferably about 15%. By adjusting the light transmittance of the shade frame, the goal of increasing individual root weight can be achieved.
c. Topdressing. The budding stage (June) and flowering stage (September) of Panax notoginseng are the peak periods of nutrient uptake, and topdressing should be applied at these times. Topdressing for Panax notoginseng is mainly farmyard manure, supplemented with a small amount of compound fertilizer. The topdressing rate of farmyard manure is 2000-2500kg/mu/time, and the topdressing rate of compound fertilizer (15-15-15) is 10-15kg/mu?time.
d. Bud removal, flower thinning and fruit protection. In cool regions where the main goal is producing tuberous roots, when the flower stalk of Panax notoginseng grows to 3-5cm, remove it, which can greatly increase tuberous root yield. In seed-production fields, thinning out 1/3 of the inflorescences' central flower buds during the flowering period of Panax notoginseng can give a satisfactory yield of Panax notoginseng red seeds (fruit).
e. Keeping the garden clean. Promptly pull out by hand the various weeds in the Panax notoginseng garden, remove diseased plant residues, and burn or deeply bury them far from the garden. Keeping the garden clean is an important measure for improving light penetration and preventing the spread of disease, and must be given great attention. (5) Pest and disease control: Because Panax notoginseng has a long cultivation period (2-3 years) and grows in a shaded, highly humid cultivation environment, it has many diseases that spread rapidly; the main diseases are black spot and root rot. Panax notoginseng insect pests generally do not cause harm, and applying phoxim 1-2 times throughout the growing period is sufficient.