What causes rice bakanae disease, and what medicine can cure it?

Rice is one of the more common cash crops in our country, grown by almost every household, but as the environment and external factors change, rice becomes infected with various diseases, and rice bakanae disease is one of the most common, so what is rice bakanae disease? How is it caused? What medicine can cure it?

Rice bakanae disease, also known as gongyang, can occur from the seedling stage to the heading stage. The bakanae pathogen parasitizes or attaches to the seeds, and seed-borne bacteria are the main cause of bakanae disease. Heavily diseased seeds often fail to germinate, or the seedlings may die shortly after sprouting. Diseased seedlings grown from lightly diseased seeds grow leggy, about 1/3 taller than healthy plants, with thin and weak plants, the whole plant appearing yellow-green, and poor root development, and some diseased seedlings die before or after transplanting.

At the adult plant stage, diseased plants generally appear about one month after transplanting, with symptoms similar to those at the seedling stage; the diseased plants have few or no tillers, significantly elongated internodes, and many inverted adventitious roots growing on the lower stem nodes, with white mold inside the rice straw that later turns pale red, sometimes appearing as small black dots. After the diseased plants head, the flag leaf opens at a wider angle than in normal plants. Severely diseased plants die at the booting stage, while lightly diseased ones often head early, with short, small panicles and unfilled grains. In humid weather, pale red or white mold grows on the leaf sheaths of dead diseased plants. On diseased grains, a light red mold layer grows at the seam between the palea and lemma.

What medicine is best? How to prevent and control it?

1. Seeds must be strictly disinfected

Use 100 g of 50% carbendazim, add 50 kg of water to soak the seeds; or 120 g of 35% E Miaoling, mixed with 50 kg of water to soak 40 kg of seeds; or 25% Shibaoke, 25% Shibaike, and 25% Junwei, which are all the same type of pesticide, each used at 10 ml mixed with 50 kg of water to soak 40 kg of rice seeds, with a soaking time of no less than 48 hours. When soaking seeds in the medicinal solution, it must be noted that the liquid surface must be 15-20 cm above the seed layer for the seeds to absorb it. At the same time, during the soaking process, the liquid surface must remain still, and it must not be stirred midway or reused, so as to ensure the bacteria are suffocated.

2. Establish disease-free seed multiplication fields

Seed multiplication fields should be selected from fields that are disease-free or lightly affected, and harvested and threshed separately.

3. Promptly pull out diseased plants when found

Whether in seedling fields or main fields, diseased plants should be pulled out promptly when found to prevent the infection from spreading.

4. Handle the rice straw of diseased plants

Properly handle diseased rice straw; it must not be thrown away casually, nor piled at the edge of fields or field corners, nor used as a cover for seed germination, nor used to tie rice seedlings; it can be centrally composted at high temperature, and in severe cases burned.