How many years does it take for a red-fruited hawthorn tree to bloom and bear fruit? Suitable planting regions and sapling prices

The hawthorn tree is a deciduous tree with leaves that are nearly ovate and have deep pinnate lobes, and white flowers. The fruit is spherical, dark red, with small spots, sour in taste, and can be eaten or used as medicine. So how many years does a hawthorn tree generally take to bloom and bear fruit? Where is it suitable to plant? How much is a sapling? The details are organized for everyone as follows:

After hawthorn saplings are planted, they generally bloom and bear fruit in 2~4 years, and afterward, as the tree age increases, the yield increases year by year. By around 10 years of age, they enter the full fruiting period, and at 60~70 years they still do not decline.

Pruning methods and precautions:

1. Reasonable pruning: focus on cutting out the tangled branches, drooping branches, dead branches, and diseased and pest-infested branches inside the canopy. For young trees, shaping is the main task. On the premise of selecting and retaining the trunk, make the branches spread out in all directions to improve ventilation and light conditions. In addition, the pruning cuts should be promptly coated with callus anti-corrosion film to prevent infection and invasion by pathogens and protect the wounds for healthy healing.

2. Scientific fertilization: adopt the “three-combination” fertilization method. That is: plant ash combined with human and livestock manure and urine, chemical fertilizers combined with soil and miscellaneous fertilizers, and root fertilization combined with foliar spraying, so as to meet the various nutrients needed by hawthorn at different developmental stages. Also, during the flower bud differentiation period, use Flower Promotion King No. 2 to promote flower bud differentiation, regulate the nutrient conversion rate, and thoroughly balance alternate bearing.

3. Fruit thinning: promptly thin out overly dense fruits, deformed fruits, small and weak fruits, and diseased and pest-infested fruits, so that the hawthorns develop evenly. It is necessary to change the traditional management model of “more is better” and establish the concept of being willing to “make painful sacrifices” to ensure high yield and high quality of the fruit. Also, spray Fruit-Strengthening Calyx Spirit once each before hawthorn flowering, at the young fruit stage, and at the fruit expansion stage to thicken the fruit calyx and increase the amount of nutrient transport. Prevent flower drop, fruit drop, fruit cracking, stiff fruits, and deformed fruits.

4. Prevention and control of diseases and pests: carry out a “general cleanup” of the orchard, thoroughly remove parasites such as dead branches, fallen leaves, rotten fruits, and weeds under the trees, and bury them deeply or burn them.

According to the latest data from the China Flowers and Trees Network, hawthorn saplings cost 2.5 yuan each.

Where is the hawthorn tree suitable for planting?

Hawthorn is mainly produced in Shandong, Henan, Shanxi, Hebei, and Liaoning.

Propagation methods

1) Root sucker propagation: hawthorn naturally sends out many root suckers under the tree each year, which are good material for cultivating rootstock seedlings. In spring, dig out the root sucker seedlings and plant them separately in the nursery according to seedling size. The plant and row spacing of the seedlings is generally 15~20X35~40 cm. Before planting the seedlings, the land should be turned and leveled, and about 10 kg of Yifuyuan planting microbial liquid should be applied, along with fertilizer, and beds should be made to retain soil moisture. After planting, water promptly, strengthen management, and graft cultivars in autumn.

2) Root segment cutting propagation: collect the broken roots obtained when seedlings leave the nursery or when fertilizing and turning the soil in the orchard. Roots with a diameter of 0.4~1.0 cm are cut into root segments 12~15 cm long and inserted in spring. When inserting, press the soil firmly while inserting the roots so that the root segments fit tightly against the soil, then add 3-5 kg of Yifuyuan planting microbial liquid per mu when watering to preserve soil moisture. After sprouting, promptly remove excess buds, retaining only 1 strong bud for growth, and graft cultivars in autumn.

3) Seed propagation: in various places, there is successful experience in using seeds for propagation, but the methods differ. Usually, wild hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida) is harvested early, the seeds are taken, and then treated by hot water and sun exposure. The method: first wash the seeds clean, put them into water at 60 degrees Celsius and soak for half an hour, stirring at all times during this period so that the seeds are heated evenly. Then take out the hot-water-treated seeds, and then soak them in cold water diluted with 300-500 times Yifuyuan microbial nutrient solution for 5 days, then take them out and expose them to the sun until they crack. If purchased seeds are used, they should be soaked in water for 24 hours, rubbed and washed, then put into water at 60 degrees Celsius and soaked, and after half an hour put into cold water to soak for 5~7 days. During the day, expose the seeds on a cement yard or stone slab, and at night soak them in water again, repeating this until more than 50% of the seeds have cracked, then carry out sand storage stratification. The temperature for sand storage is 0~5 degrees Celsius. After 80 days of stratification, they can be germinated and sown in the field to cultivate rootstock seedlings.

How to plant hawthorn trees

Hawthorn cultivation techniques:

1. Land selection and seedling raising

Choose flat land, hills, and gentle mountain slopes with deep and fertile soil, with southeast slope aspect being most suitable, followed by north slope and northeast slope. Pay attention to water storage, drainage and irrigation, and drought prevention.

Seedlings cultivated from hawthorn seeds are called seedling rootstock seedlings. Seedling rootstock seedlings generally all need to be grafted before they can become hawthorns suitable for cultivation. Hawthorn seed shells are thick and hard, and the seeds are not easy to absorb water and swell or crack. In addition, the seed kernel has a long dormancy period, making emergence difficult. Therefore, before sowing hawthorn, the seeds must be pretreated to ensure their germination rate.

2. Field management

Deep plowing and maturation, soil improvement: plowing the orchard land or deeply digging the soil within the tree plate is an effective measure to conserve water, eliminate weeds, loosen the soil, improve soil permeability, improve soil fertility, and promote root growth.

1. Fertilization

Strip application, that is, opening trenches horizontally between rows for fertilization; whole-orchard broadcast application, that is, when the hawthorn root system has spread throughout the whole orchard, fertilizer can be spread on the surface and then turned into the soil to a depth of 20 cm; hole application, that is, when applying liquid fertilizer (human and livestock manure and urine), evenly dig 6~12 holes 30~40 cm deep under the canopy in different directions, pour in the fertilizer, and then cover with soil.

2. Pruning branches

The pruning of hawthorn fruit trees is the same as the general pruning methods for fruit trees.