Where Polyporus umbellatus comes from, seed prices, per-mu dosage and sowing methods
Polyporus umbellatus, also known as Zhu Fuling, Shiling, Fen Zhuling, Jiazhu Shi, Shituo and so on, is a medicinal fungus cultivated in most parts of our country. Because it has diuretic effects for treating edema, anti-cancer effects and other benefits, it is widely used in medicine. At present the price is a little on the expensive side, but to grow fungi well, you need to master certain techniques, so where does Polyporus umbellatus come from? Roughly how much is a jin of seeds? How do you sow them?
Origin introduction:
Polyporus umbellatus is distributed fairly widely in our country. It is mainly distributed in Beijing, Hebei, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Hunan, Gansu, Sichuan, Guizhou, Shaanxi, Qinghai and Ningxia. It is mainly produced in Zanhhuang, Pingshan, Wu'an, Shexian, Fuping, Laiyuan, Chicheng, Yuxian, Chongli, Weichang and Pingquan in Hebei; Yangqu, Wenshui, Jiaocheng, Qinshui, Wuxiang, Licheng, Jiexiu, Lingshi, Kelan, Wutai, Yingxian, Huoxian, Xingxian, Fenyang, Lanxian, Zuoquan, Daixian, Mengxian, Jixian and Heshun in Shanxi; Ningcheng, Keshiketeng and Karaqin Banner in Inner Mongolia; Huinan, Ji'an, Tonghua, Liuhe, Changbai, Fusong, Jingyu, Yanji, Wangqing, Dunhua, Longjing and Huadian in Jilin.
Shuangyashan, Muling, Heihe, Tieli and Ning'an in Heilongjiang; Liuyang and Pingjiang in Hunan; Wenxian, Zhouqu and Diebu in Gansu and other places; Guanxian, Beichuan, Wangcang, Hongya, Ebian, Pingshan, Yingjing, Lixian, Jinchuan, Muchuan, Tianquan, Maowen, Xiaojin, Meigu, Pingwu, Nanping and Mabian in Sichuan; Zunyi, Xishui, Dejiang, Yinjiang, Hezhang and Weining in Guizhou; Zhouzhi, Baoji, Taibai, Fengxian and Ningshan in Shaanxi; Huangzhong, Huzhu, Xunhua, Guide and Xinghai in Qinghai; Jingyuan and Longde in Ningxia.
Seed prices:
The market price of Polyporus umbellatus seeds ranges from 50 to 200 yuan/jin.
How many seeds are needed per mu?
According to the input-output ratio of Polyporus umbellatus, about one jin of Polyporus umbellatus seeds can yield about ten jin of Polyporus umbellatus, and the per-mu yield of Polyporus umbellatus in open-air conditions is about 15~40 jin, so about one mu of land needs a little over one jin of Polyporus umbellatus seeds.
Seed sowing techniques:
1. Choosing a site: Choose forest land at an altitude of about 800~1200 m for cultivation, preferably secondary broad-leaved forest, mixed shrub forest or mixed forest on a shady slope facing south to north. At 800~1200 m, cultivate in shady slope gullies; at 1200 m, cultivate in forest gaps on early sunny slopes or secondary sunny slopes, or on flat land or sloped land. Sunny slopes are not suitable for cultivation. The soil needs to be moist, loose and breathable, slightly acidic sandy loam with high humus content.
2. Cultivation time: Cultivation can be done in all four seasons, but February to May and October to December are best. Below 1000 m, avoid the high-temperature period from June to September.
3. Cultivating Armillaria mellea fungal material: The quality of Armillaria mellea is the primary factor affecting the growth and development of Polyporus umbellatus, so high-quality Armillaria mellea fungal material is the key to increasing the output value of Polyporus umbellatus.
1. Tree species: Use tree species such as large-leaved oak, Qinggang, birch and oak, excluding tree species that are oily, aromatic or sterilizing.
2. Cutting into sections: Cut 6~10 cm tree sticks into short sections 50~60 cm long, and chop fish-scale notches on 2~3 sides of the stick deep into the xylem layer. Dry in the sun for 20~30 days for later use. If the sticks are too dry, soak them for one day in a 0.25% ammonium nitrate solution before use.
3. Cultivation method: Choose clean sandy land or virgin sandy land for cultivation. Dig a pit 15~20 cm deep, 60 cm long and 70 cm wide. Loosen and level the soil at the bottom of the pit, spread a 3 cm thick layer of wet leaves, place a layer of 5 tree sticks on the leaves, leaving 1--3 cm gaps between the sticks, backfill with sandy soil to half the trench, place Armillaria mellea branch spawn at both ends of the sticks and between the two sticks, placing one branch of spawn every 5 cm, sprinkle some clean water, wet the tree sticks, then fill the gaps between the sticks firmly with sandy soil, using enough to cover the tree sticks tightly. Place a second layer of tree sticks, backfill with sandy soil to half the trench, place branch spawn and cover with soil (the same operation as the first layer). Continue in this way for 3 layers, finally covering with about 10 cm of sandy soil. Sprinkle water once every 10 days. The mycelium can grow well in 3~4 months. The cultivation time for fungal sticks is March to October each year.