Can sprouted smooth hairless peas be eaten? Planting methods and timing, pest and disease control

Peas are also called green peas, wheat peas, cold peas, wheat beans, snow peas, Bip peas, Malet peas, etc. Annual climbing herb, 0.5-2 m tall. Flowering period June-July, fruiting period July-September.So can sprouted peas still be eaten? What are the planting methods? When to plant? What are the pest and disease control techniques?According to pea grower Uncle Hu, sprouted peas can also be eaten. Sprouted peas are not toxic. Pea shoots are also called “dragon whisker vegetable”, “dragon whisker pea shoots”, “butterfly vegetable”, etc. They belong to the sprout vegetable category, that is, microgreen vegetables. They are mainly the young tender stems, leaves and tender tips produced by peas. Whether stir-fried with meat, stir-fried plain, made into soup, or cooked in hot pot, pea shoots are always a superior delicacy.

What are the pea planting methods?

Propagation:

1. Seed selection and sprouting: Before sowing, select seeds with 40% salt water and remove the floating, unfilled or insect-damaged seeds. Before sowing, sprout the seeds. When the seeds sprout, treat the seeds at a low temperature of 0-2℃ for 15 days before sowing.

2. Rhizobium seed dressing: Dressing pea seeds with rhizobium is an effective measure to increase yield. After dressing with rhizobium, root nodules increase, stems and leaves grow vigorously, there are more pods, and the yield is high. The dressing method is to use 10-19 grams of rhizobium per mu, add a little water, mix well with the seeds, and then sow.

3. Timely sowing: Before field sowing, apply fully rotted barnyard manure, compost and a certain amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Especially applying phosphorus fertilizer has an obvious yield-increasing effect. Peas are sown in holes, with row spacing of 10-20 cm, spacing within the row of 5 cm, 2-6 seeds per hole, and covering with 5-6 cm of soil when the soil is moist. When the soil is dry, cover with slightly thicker soil. Use 10-15 kg of seed per mu.

Cultivation:

1. Cropping system: Peas should not be continuously cropped. After continuous cropping, it can cause toxic effects on subsequent peas and aggravate the occurrence of pests and diseases, so peas usually need to be rotated with other crops. White-flowered varieties are more averse to continuous cropping than purple-flowered varieties, and their rotation period needs to be longer. Peas can also be mixed-cropped and intercropped with other crops.

2. Land selection: Drip irrigation cultivation has lower demands on soil, which is beneficial to seedling survival and crop growth, so land with deep soil layers, relatively light soil salinity and alkalinity, and medium fertility can all be planted.

3. Loosening soil and fertilizing: After sowing, shallowly loosen the soil several times to increase ground temperature and promote root growth, making the seedlings strong. For autumn-sown cultivation, carry out one hilling before overwintering to keep warm and prevent freezing. After spring begins, loosen the soil and weed in time to increase ground temperature. Before peas bloom, water lightly and apply quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer to accelerate plant growth and promote branching, then loosen the soil to preserve moisture. When the stems begin to set pods, slightly increase the amount of watering and apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. During the full pod-setting period, the soil should be kept constantly moist. Ensure the water needed for pod development. In the late pod-setting period, when the pea vines close the rows, reduce watering. For vining plants, begin staking when the plant height is 30 cm. Peas are harvested in batches, and fertilizer is applied once after each harvest.

4. Gap filling and topdressing: After emergence, check the seedlings in time and fill gaps, and cultivate and weed 1-2 times. Apply heavy topdressing at the seedling stage, especially in fields where base fertilizer was not applied or was applied sparingly. Generally, apply 5-7.5 kg of compound fertilizer per mu or 5 kg of urea or 1000 kg of rotted human manure and urine. For tall-stalk varieties, after spring temperatures rise and the plants begin to elongate, insert small bamboo with tips or branched tree branches (with leaves removed) between the rows so that the pea plants can climb and grow. Peas are not tolerant of waterlogging, so attention should be paid to clearing ditches and draining water in spring. During flowering and pod setting, more nutrients are needed; apply 7.5 kg of urea and 5 kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu. During the seed-filling stage, spray 1% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 times.

5. Pest and disease control: The main diseases of peas include root rot, brown spot, powdery mildew, brown streak, etc. The main insect pests include black leafminer, leafminer, etc. The editor has already explained this in more detail in the article “Pea Pest and Disease Control Techniques”. Please go there to read it.

6. Timely harvest: The harvest time is determined according to the way of consumption. Generally, grain peas are harvested 15-18 days after flowering when the grains are full, dry peas are harvested when 70%-80% of the pods are withered and yellow, vegetable peas are harvested 12-14 days after flowering when the young pods show seeds but not distinct grains, pea shoots are harvested about 30 days after sowing when the shoots are 18 cm tall by picking the tender tips, those used as feed are harvested at full bloom, and those used as green manure are turned under promptly after harvesting the pods.

When are peas planted?

1. Overwintering planting is generally sown from late October to mid-November, overwintered in the open field, and harvested in April-May of the following year.

2. Spring planting: In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, sow from late February to early March and harvest before high temperatures arrive; in Northeast China, spring sowing and summer harvest, generally sowing in April-May.

3. Autumn planting: For autumn planting, choose early-maturing varieties, sow in early September, and finish harvesting before the cold wave arrives in late November.

Appendix: Pea pest and disease control techniques

I. Diseases

(I) Stem rot

1. Disease characteristics: It damages the base of the pea stem and stem vines. The damaged stem initially shows oval brown lesions, which expand around the stem and eventually cause the stem section to necrose, dying from gray-brown to gray-white. The stipules and leaflets above also gradually wither, and later small black grains are scattered on the surface of the dead stem section.

2. Control method: Spray 40% Fuhuo No.1 600-fold solution or 70% mancozeb 800-fold solution, once every 10-15 days, alternating sprays, with emphasis on spraying the stem base well.

(II) Mosaic disease

1. Disease characteristics: The whole plant is affected, the diseased plant is stunted, the leaves become smaller, wrinkled, and the leaf color is uneven in shade, showing a mosaic pattern, with few or no pods.

2. Disease pattern: The pathogen is a virus. It is transmitted by sap and can also be transmitted by aphids. Generally, weather or ecological environments favorable to aphid reproduction and activity are favorable to disease occurrence.

3. Control methods

(1) Detect early and pull out diseased plants in time;

(2) Spray pesticide promptly and comprehensively to kill aphids. Use 50% pirimicarb emulsifiable concentrate 2000-fold solution or 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 1500-fold solution for spraying, once every 8-10 days, spraying 2-3 times continuously.

(3) Large-area coordinated control gives better results.

(III) Fusarium wilt and root rot: At the seedling stage and flowering and pod-setting stage, use 25% propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate 700-1500-fold solution or 70% hymexazol wettable powder 2000-3000-fold solution per mu, sprayed on the root soil until moist.

(IV) Powdery mildew: Spray with 20% myclobutanil microemulsion 2000-3000-fold solution, 20% difenoconazole 4000-6000-fold solution or 43% tebuconazole 3000-fold solution;

II. Insect pests

(I) Serpentine leafminer: Choose 0.5% Luka microemulsion 1500-3000-fold solution or Nonghaha emulsifiable concentrate 1000-2000-fold solution for spraying;

(II) Cabbage caterpillar, diamondback moth and other pests: Choose biological pesticides such as 0.5% emamectin benzoate 1500-3000-fold solution, 2% abamectin 3000-5000-fold solution, etc. for spray control.