What is the best herbicide for sweet potato fields and potato fields? Detailed explanation of precautions
With the modernization of agriculture, farmers also make extensive use of high-tech products in agricultural production, such as biological pesticides, pesticide mixtures and a series of chemical products, but the most popular pesticide product is herbicides, so herbicide sales have always ranked at the top among pesticides. Improper use of herbicides concerns the safety of crop growth. To ensure the safe and efficient use of herbicides, the following introduces what herbicides give the best results in sweet potato fields and potato fields?
Sweet potato herbicides
Sweet potato is a very important food ingredient in northern China. Cutting sweet potatoes into strips, drying them, and making dried sweet potato is a very delicious food. Baked sweet potato is also popular now, and it is also very delicious. Most of the weeds in sweet potato fields are grass-family weeds, and broadleaf weeds are generally few. Most of the herbicides used in sweet potato fields also target grass-family weeds, and spraying some first appropriately removes this type of weeds.
1. Shudaan post-emergence special (1+1+1) herbicide for sweet potato fields can not only prevent and control various grass-family weeds in sweet potato fields, but also has an eradicating effect on various broadleaf weeds that are extremely difficult to control, thoroughly solving the long-standing problem that sweet potato growers cannot control broadleaf weeds. Method of use: foliar spray, the dosage of this product is 40ml-50ml per mu, that is, each bag (25ml with two bonus bags) is mixed with 15 kg of water, sprayed on half a mu, two large bags per mu, stirred evenly and then subjected to foliar spray; under high-temperature and drought conditions, appropriately increase the amount of water used.
2. Shulaibao post-emergence special (1+1+1) herbicide for sweet potato fields can not only prevent and control various grass-family weeds in sweet potato fields, but also has an eradicating effect on various broadleaf weeds that are extremely difficult to control, thoroughly solving the long-standing problem that sweet potato growers cannot control broadleaf weeds. 1. The pesticide manufacturer recommends foliar spray, the dosage of this product is 40ml-50ml per mu, that is, each bag (25ml with two bonus bags) is mixed with 15 kg of water, sprayed on half a mu, two large bags per mu, stirred evenly and then subjected to foliar spray; under high-temperature and drought conditions, appropriately increase the amount of water used. 2. Annual grass-family weeds and broadleaf weeds. 3. If adverse conditions such as drought and low temperature occur, it may have a slight effect on sweet potato roots and leaves, which can recover in a short period, without affecting the later growth of the sweet potato and the final yield.
3. Shuwuyou is a new type of post-emergence inter-row special herbicide for sweet potato, and is currently the only post-emergence foliar treatment agent in China that controls grass-family weeds, broadleaf weeds and sedge-family weeds in one application. This product has a unique ternary asymmetric chemical structure and is highly safe for sweet potato. It mainly prevents weed cell division and causes weed death by inhibiting the biological synthesis of side-chain amino acids in weeds, thereby thoroughly solving the weed control problem in sweet potato fields.
4. Metolachlor has been widely used in sweet potato fields due to its advantages such as a broad weed-killing spectrum, safety for sweet potato, and no effect on subsequent crops, and is deeply favored by sweet potato growing friends. Metolachlor is a systemic conductive selective pre-emergence herbicide. It is mainly absorbed through weed buds. The residual period is 60-80 days, with no effect on subsequent crops. Metolachlor formulations are mostly emulsifiable concentrates, which can effectively prevent and control annual grass-family weeds such as barnyardgrass, goosegrass, crabgrass, and foxtail, as well as broadleaf weeds such as lamb's quarters, redroot pigweed, velvetleaf, and black nightshade. It has a good inhibitory effect on weeds such as volunteer sorghum, cocklebur, purslane, and field horsetail, but is ineffective on weeds such as field bindweed. Make the sweet potato furrows well, break up the soil clods, and in wheat stubble fields the remaining wheat roots and stems should be cleared away. After the sweet potato seedlings are transplanted, take 60-80ml of 96% metolachlor emulsifiable concentrate per mu (sandy soil) or 80-100ml (clay, loam soil), mix with 45-60 kg of clean water, and spray evenly over the whole field; one application can control weeds throughout the entire sweet potato growth cycle.
Potato herbicides
Potato is a high-yield crop, and in some places potato is even used as a staple food. Due to different planting systems in China, potato sowing periods are not consistent, and the patterns of field weed occurrence are also different. For example, open-field potatoes in the north are sown in early March, and the peak weed emergence is generally in mid-to-late March. The amount of weeds emerging in this period accounts for about 60% of the total weeds. This batch of weeds competes fiercely with potatoes and is the main body forming weed damage.
1. Soil treatment of potato fields dominated by grass-family weeds
1. Trifluralin is a selective systemic conductive soil treatment agent. Apply before seedling emergence after sowing, using 100-125 ml of 48% trifluralin emulsifiable concentrate per 667 sq m (commercial amount, the same below), mixed with 40-50 kg of water, and spray evenly on the soil surface. It has excellent control effects on annual grass-family weeds such as crabgrass, goosegrass, foxtail, upland barnyardgrass, Chinese sprangletop, bluegrass, and hard grass, and also has good control effects on broadleaf weeds with small seeds such as purslane, lamb's quarters, redroot pigweed, and speedwell. But note: 1) Accurately grasp the dosage and strive for even spraying. 2) The soil should be finely prepared; if the soil is not finely prepared, weed seeds in the soil clods cannot contact the chemical, and when rain causes the clods to break apart, weeds can still emerge. 3) Trifluralin is prone to photodegradation and loss of effectiveness, so after application it should be immediately mixed into the soil; generally it is required to finish mixing into the soil within 8h after spraying. 4) After trifluralin is applied to the soil, its residual period is relatively long, so sensitive crops such as sorghum and rice should not be planted in the subsequent crop.
2. Pendimethalin (Stomp) is a selective systemic conductive soil treatment agent. Apply before seedling emergence after sowing, using 150-200 ml of 33% pendimethalin emulsifiable concentrate per 667 sq m, mixed with 40-50 kg of water and sprayed evenly on the soil surface. It can effectively prevent and control annual grass-family weeds and some broadleaf weeds such as barnyardgrass, crabgrass, foxtail, bluegrass, shortawn foxtail, purslane, lamb's quarters, and smartweed. When using, note: 1) In case of drought, mix into the soil 3-5 cm to improve the control effect; 2) Avoid direct contact between seeds and the chemical; 3) Pendimethalin has a better control effect on grass-family weeds than on broadleaf weeds, so in fields with more broadleaf weeds, consider mixing it with other herbicides.
3. Napropamide and Devrinol are selective systemic conductive soil treatment agents. Apply before seedling emergence after sowing or before transplanting and before weeds sprout and emerge, using 200-300 g of 20% napropamide emulsifiable concentrate or 100-150 g of 50% Devrinol wettable powder per 667 sq m, mixed with 40-50 kg of water and sprayed evenly on the soil surface. It has a good control effect on annual grass-family weeds such as upland barnyardgrass, crabgrass, goosegrass, Chinese sprangletop, foxtail, and bluegrass, and also has a certain effect on broadleaf weeds such as purslane, lamb's quarters, chickweed, and smartweed. When using, note:
1) Napropamide has a good weed control effect under moist soil conditions; if the soil is dry, irrigate first and then apply the chemical to improve the control effect.
2) Napropamide has a poor effect on weeds that have already emerged, so it should be applied early; before use, remove weeds that have already emerged.
Apply before, using 150-200 ml of 48% butralin emulsifiable concentrate per 667 sq m mixed with 60 kg of water and sprayed evenly on the soil surface; it can effectively prevent and control annual grass-family weeds and some broadleaf weeds such as barnyardgrass, goosegrass, crabgrass, foxtail, amaranth, lamb's quarters, and purslane.
2. Soil treatment of potato fields dominated by broadleaf weeds
Metribuzin is a selective systemic conductive soil treatment agent. Apply before seedling emergence after sowing, using 25-65 g of 70% metribuzin wettable powder per 667 sq m mixed with 40-50 kg of water and sprayed evenly on the soil surface. It can prevent and control many broadleaf weeds and certain grass-family weeds, such as lamb's quarters, smartweed, purslane, bitter lettuce, chickweed, cocklebur, barnyardgrass, and foxtail. When using, note that if there is relatively heavy rainfall or flood irrigation after application, phytotoxicity is likely to occur.
3. Soil treatment of potato fields where grass-family weeds and broadleaf weeds are mixed
1. Chlorotoluron is a selective systemic conductive soil treatment agent. Apply before seedling emergence after sowing and before weed buds or in the early stage of sprouting and emergence, using 250-300 g of 25% chlorotoluron wettable powder per 667 sq m, mixed with 40-50 kg of water and sprayed evenly on the soil surface. It can effectively prevent and control many grass-family and broadleaf weeds such as shortawn foxtail, chickweed, bluegrass, foxtail, crabgrass, barnyardgrass, amaranth, lamb's quarters, mouse-ear chickweed, and speedwell, but has a poor effect on cleavers, large vetch, bitter lettuce, and field bindweed. When using, note: 1) Moist soil is conducive to the exertion of the chemical effect. 2) It remains in the soil for a long time and decomposes slowly, so sensitive crops should not be planted in the subsequent crop to avoid phytotoxicity. 3) Chlorotoluron has poor water solubility; when using, first stir the wettable powder with a small amount of water, then add water to dilute.
2. Oxyfluorfen is a herbicide that is a selective contact-type soil treatment agent and also has post-emergence foliar treatment action. Apply before seedling emergence after sowing. Use 40-50 ml of 24% oxyfluorfen emulsifiable concentrate per 667 sq m mixed with 60 kg of water and sprayed evenly on the soil surface. It can prevent and control many annual weeds such as barnyardgrass, Chinese sprangletop, goosegrass, foxtail, hard grass, shortawn foxtail, polpogon, bluegrass, purslane, copperleaf, amaranth, lamb's quarters, speedwell, false daisy, and smartweed, but has a poor effect on perennial weeds. When using, note: 1) When using for the first time, conduct small-scale trials according to different climatic zones, find the optimal application method and optimal dosage suitable for the local area, and then use on a large scale. 2) Oxyfluorfen is a contact-type herbicide, so spraying should be even and thorough; after spraying, do not destroy the chemical film layer, and the application dosage must be accurate.
3. And apply before weed emergence to the 3-4 leaf stage, using 100-125 g of 50% linuron wettable powder per 667 sq m, mixed with 40-50 kg of water and sprayed evenly on the soil surface. It can prevent and control many broadleaf weeds and grass-family weeds, such as foxtail, goosegrass, crabgrass, barnyardgrass, amaranth, lamb's quarters, cocklebur, copperleaf, purslane, velvetleaf, cleavers, and smartweed. When using, note: 1) This agent should not be used when the soil organic matter content is lower than 1% or higher than 5%. 2) It should not be used on sandy soil or when there is a lot of rain.
4. Fluometuron is a selective systemic conductive soil treatment agent. Apply before seedling emergence after sowing or before transplanting, from before weed emergence to the 1.5-leaf stage, using 100-200 g of 50% fluometuron wettable powder per 667 sq m (low dosage for sandy soil, high dosage for clay), mixed with 40-50 kg of water and sprayed evenly on the soil surface. It can prevent and control annual grass-family weeds and broadleaf weeds such as crabgrass, barnyardgrass, goosegrass, foxtail, bluegrass, amaranth, lamb's quarters, and chickweed. When using, note: combining with irrigation can improve the chemical effect.