How much seed is needed per mu for transplanting with a rice transplanter? Detailed explanation of the key points of seedling cultivation technology
Mechanical transplanting relies on double-film seedling cultivation or soft-disk seedling cultivation technology to produce soil-bearing blanket-shaped seedlings, and the rice transplanter cuts the soil-bearing seedlings into blocks to achieve seedling separation and transplanting, that is, standardized seedling cultivation + fine land preparation + mechanized transplanting.So how much seed is generally needed per mu for transplanting with a rice transplanter? What are the key points of seedling cultivation technology?
How much seed is generally needed per mu for transplanting with a rice transplanter?
According to Uncle Wang, a rice grower in Hunan, hybrid rice requires 16-18 trays per mu, or 1.2 kg.
Characteristics of rice blanket-type seedling trays: nutrient-body-bearing cultivation, no seedling revival period, high survival rate, long growth period, and obvious yield increase (up to about 15% in cold regions), with excellent rice quality and good taste; through quantitative and positional sowing, more than 70% of seed cost is saved compared with conventional sowing; it can effectively solve the problems existing in general rice transplanter transplanting, such as large sowing rate, high rate of missed seedlings, poor seedling quality, severe damage to seedlings and roots during mechanical transplanting, slow seedling establishment and delayed greening, short growth period, and uneven transplanted seedlings. Compared with ordinary transplanting, the pot-body transplanting technology of rice blanket-type seedling trays is less restricted by transplanting time, has greater flexibility in seedling age, produces larger and more numerous grains per panicle, and greatly reduces the labor intensity of field care. Compared with ordinary seedlings, because pot-body seedlings are transplanted under shallow-tillage conditions, after one week it can be seen that the pot-body seedlings grow vigorously, and the roots are obviously much thicker and stronger. One month after transplanting, the roots and plants of the pot-body seedlings have opened up. Because every seedling, including its roots, is fully bathed in sunlight, and rice inherently has a strong photosynthetic capacity, this capacity is fully brought out by the pot-body seedlings, making the seedlings even healthier. In addition, because the pot seedlings of rice blanket-type seedling trays take root very deeply and firmly when transplanted, and the stems of pot-body seedlings are somewhat thicker, their lodging resistance is also very strong, the number of rice panicles is greater, and the appearance is fuller.
What are the key points of seedling cultivation technology for rice transplanters?
In addition to the standardized plastic-tray seedling technology matched with mechanical transplanting, machine transplanting can also adopt the open-field double-film seedling cutting technology. This technology has the advantages of simple facilities, convenience and ease of operation, saving investment, and reducing costs. Its key points are:
1. Site selection: Choose a field with high terrain, loose and fertile soil, easy drainage and irrigation, level field surface, and convenient seedling transport as the seedling field, and reserve enough seedling field at 1:100.
2. Land preparation: After the seedling field is leveled, open ditches and make beds at a bed width of 1.8 m, with a ditch depth of 25 m and a side ditch depth of 35 cm, and control the bed length within 15 m; irrigate and check levelness 2-3 times, achieving a height difference of no more than 3 cm. Then lay perforated plastic film on the bed surface.
3. Sowing: Evenly place nutrient soil prepared from sieved fine mature soil, decomposed organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizer, and acid regulator, etc., onto the plastic film on the bed surface, with a soil thickness of 2 cm, and sow according to the planned sowing rate, then cover with soil, apply chemical weed control, spread grass, and cover with film.
4. Management: When the seedlings have 1 leaf and 1 heart, promptly remove the film and irrigate to protect the seedlings; before full seedling emergence, keep the tray soil moist; at the 2-leaf stage, protect the seedlings with shallow water; after the 3-leaf stage, use moist water and slurry management to promote root development in the tray; apply fertilizer reasonably, with basal fertilizer accounting for 40%, weaning fertilizer accounting for 20%, and starting fertilizer accounting for 40%; at the same time, do a good job in the prevention and control of diseases, insects, and weeds.
5. Seedling age: Be sure to complete machine transplanting before the 4-leaf stage.