What Compound Fertilizer to Use as Base Fertilizer for Peach Trees? Application Time and Technical Points

Base fertilizer refers to the fertilizer applied before sowing or planting of crops, or at the end of or the beginning of the growing season for perennial crops, in combination with soil tillage. So what compound fertilizer should be used as base fertilizer for peach trees? When should it be applied? What are the application techniques?

What compound fertilizer to use as base fertilizer for peach trees?

. Many farmers, when choosing fertilizers, only pick the cheap ones, only look at the quantity of fertilizer without asking about the effective nutrient content of the fertilizer; applying unrotted poultry and livestock manure to the ground causes young trees to easily have their roots burned and die; if fertilizers with high nitrite and heavy metal content are chosen, they will also cause serious pollution to the soil environment. Therefore, when choosing fertilizers:

1. Choose fully rotted farmyard manure;

2. Poultry and livestock fertilizers must be rotted, processed, and decontaminated before application;

3. Fresh grass or cereal straw can be used to cover the peach orchard, so as to preserve fertilizer, preserve soil moisture, improve the soil, and enhance permeability.

When should base fertilizer be applied to peach trees?

1. Change late application to early application of base fertilizer. Early application of base fertilizer allows the fertilizer to merge with the soil early, improves the soil aggregate structure, and enhances the soil's ability to supply fertilizer and water;

2. It can coordinate with the second root growth peak of peach trees to promote more roots and deeper rooting; it can nurture flower buds, promote peach trees to bloom earlier and more, bear fruit earlier and more, go on the market earlier and seize market opportunities earlier, and significantly increase benefits. The base fertilizer for peach trees is best applied from early October to early November.

What are the application techniques for base fertilizer in peach trees?

1. Depth: peach roots are relatively shallow, mostly distributed within a depth of 20-50 cm, so the fertilization depth should be at 30-40 cm.

2. Methods:

① Ring trench application, that is, digging a trench around the tree at the outer edge of the canopy, with a trench depth of 30-40 cm and a trench width of 30-40 cm, evenly applying the mixture of organic fertilizer and soil into the trench, then filling and leveling with soil. This method is suitable for young trees.

② Radial trench application, that is, opening several radial trenches from beside the trunk toward the outer edge of the canopy for fertilization.

③ Strip application is to open strip-shaped trenches on the east-west or north-south sides of the tree for fertilization, but the position needs to be changed every year to balance fertility.

④ Whole-orchard broadcast application, with a large and uniform amount of fertilizer, followed by plowing after application, generally requiring deep plowing of 30 cm.

3. Change single fertilization to formula fertilization. According to determinations by agricultural research departments, the absorption ratio of major elements nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium by peach trees is 1.00:0.35:1.45, and none of these elements can be missing, among which the demand for potassium is the greatest. Therefore, for the application of base fertilizer to adult peach trees, organic and inorganic fertilizers must be combined, multiple nutrient elements must be combined, and varieties with different ripening periods must be combined. About 3000 kg of rotted farmyard manure or barnyard manure should be applied per mu, or 200~300 kg of plant-based commercial organic fertilizer or about 150 kg of biological organic compound fertilizer can also be applied; each fruiting adult tree should be applied with 0.6~1 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer. Such a formula not only increases yield, but also improves quality, and the increase in sugar content and crispness is very obvious, and it can advance ripening by 3~5 days. The nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in the base fertilizer for early-maturing varieties should account for 70%~80% of the total annual fertilization amount, while for late-maturing varieties it should account for 60%~70%. For soil with relatively high fertility, nitrogen fertilizer should be controlled to prevent excessive growth and shading, while for soil with relatively low fertility, nitrogen fertilizer can be appropriately increased.