What are the causes of late maturity in soybeans? How to spot and avoid it in time

During the soybean growing period, late maturity is the most common thing, and also the thing that troubles farmers most, because late-maturing soybeans will quite noticeably affect soybean yield, but if controlled properly, it can still be prevented and controlled to some extent. Sowhat are the causes of late maturity in soybeans? How to avoid it? How to spot late maturity in soybeans?

Causes of late maturity:

1. The variety chosen is not suited to the location; the chosen variety has too long a growth period, leading to late maturity.

2. Too much nitrogen fertilizer applied, leading to excessive vegetative growth and late maturity.

3. Delayed sowing time; everyone else has finished sowing and only then do you sow, so how could it not be late-maturing? Remember the old saying: sow 1 day earlier in spring and harvest 3 days earlier in autumn.

4. Factors such as soil fertility, planting density, management level, and pests and diseases cause late maturity in soybeans.

How to avoid late maturity in soybeans?

1. Choose soybean varieties with a suitable growth period that are mainly promoted locally; do not use new varieties that no one locally has used before.

2. The sowing time should be suitable; generally in the Northeast region the sowing time is from late April to early-to-mid May. Liaoning, Jilin, and Heilongjiang sow successively later from south to north according to the above time sequence.

3. The sowing rate should be determined according to soil fertility, local temperature, frost-free period, and so on; it should not be too high. The seedling stand per mu is generally around 18,000 to 20,000 plants; strengthen field management, cultivate and ridge in time, and eliminate pests, diseases, and weeds.

4. Fertilize rationally, use nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in a rational ratio; nitrogen fertilizer should not be too much, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be appropriately increased.

How to spot late maturity?

For example, if the leaves are dark green, growth is vigorous, and flowering is delayed, then the following measures to promote early maturity should be taken immediately to control the vegetative growth of soybeans.

1. At the early flowering stage and full flowering stage of soybeans, spray twice a mixture of an early-maturity-promoting regulator and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to promote reproductive growth; at this time, do not apply additional fertilizers such as urea.

2. When the soybean plant height reaches or exceeds normal plant height, the method of cutting off the growing points can be used to control growth; the specific method is to use a sickle to cut the top growing points of the soybeans in turn to control excessive growth.

3. Strengthen field management, drain away soil moisture, reduce the supply of fertilizer and water in the short term, slow down excessive growth, and promote early maturity. In short, in soybean cultivation, plant rationally according to local actual conditions, and once signs of late maturity are found, take measures immediately; generally they can all mature normally.