Common weeds in vineyards? Herbicide selection and scientific control methods

Grapes have thin skin and are juicy, with a sweet and sour taste and rich nutrition, and are known as the “crystal pearl.” Grapes originated in West Asia and are said to have been brought into China via the Silk Road when Zhang Qian was sent on a mission to the Western Regions during the Han Dynasty, and have been cultivated in China for 2000 years. So what common weeds are there in vineyards? What herbicide should be used in grape fields? How to scientifically remove weeds?

Common weeds in vineyards

Annual weeds in vineyards include annual bluegrass, water chickweed, chickweed, foxtail, goosegrass, large lovegrass, purslane, and so on. Perennial creeping-rooted weeds include alligator weed, purple nutsedge, cogongrass, and so on.

What herbicide should be used in vineyards?

Chemical control of weeds in grape fields is increasingly valued by farmers because it is convenient, thorough in weed removal, and low in cost. Depending on the types of weeds in grape fields and the differences in application timing, different application methods and types of agents can be selected.

1. Controlling perennial weeds such as common reed and field bindweed in grape fields

Agent selected: 41% glyphosate aqueous solution;

Dosage: 41% Roundup at 250 g to 300 g per mu.

Application timing: spray in late spring and early summer when common reed has grown to 60-80 cm tall, field bindweed has also emerged, and other weeds have all sprouted and emerged; application method: use 16-20 kg of water per 667 sq m, mix the agent evenly, add 20-30 g of laundry detergent, and after dissolution spray with a hand-pressure sprayer. The spraying time should be chosen on a clear and windless day to prevent drift; if it rains within 12 h after spraying, reapply according to the situation. Install a protective shield on the nozzle to prevent the spray liquid from reaching the grapes. Spraying should be uniform, and as much of the weed leaf surface as possible should be covered. Tests have shown that the above weeding method can achieve a common reed removal rate of more than 95% in grape fields, a field bindweed removal rate of more than 90%, and all other weeds can be killed.

2. Soil treatment agents for controlling annual weeds. After the grapes emerge from the soil in spring and before the weeds emerge, a variety of soil treatment agents can be selected to control the weeds.

1. 72% metolachlor: 50 ml of the agent mixed with 30 kg of water per 667 sq m, sprayed on the ground; after spraying, soil mixing is not necessary, and it can control all grass weeds and some broadleaf weeds.

2. 50% acetochlor: 150-200 ml mixed with 30 kg of water per 667 sq m for spraying; the application method and weed control range are the same as those of metolachlor.

3. 33% caicaotong emulsifiable concentrate: 150-200 ml mixed with 30 kg of water per 667 sq m for ground spraying; the application method and weed control range are the same as those of metolachlor. Any one of the above herbicides may be chosen. Tests have shown that after application, these agents can have a residual effect period of up to 45-60 d, with short-term control efficacy all above 95%, and after 45 d still reaching between 80-90%. If sprayed twice in one growing season, the annual weed problem can basically be solved.

Note: When spraying, try not to spray the green parts such as grape leaves, tender buds, and young stems, to prevent causing leaf withering. Newly established vineyards should try not to use this kind of herbicide for weed control.

Be sure to note that new vineyards should try to use manual or mechanical weeding. I think it is still quite good to have some grass growing appropriately in the field, and herbicides should be used as little as possible!

How to remove weeds in vineyards?

In addition to chemical weeding, the control of weeds in grape fields can be divided into manual and mechanical control methods.

1. Manual control method

This is one of the main methods currently adopted by grape growers, but because it is labor-intensive and time-consuming, and its control effect is limited, farmers urgently need to replace it with other means.

2. Mechanical control method

According to the size of the spacing between grape rows, suitable agricultural machinery can be selected for weed control. After the weeds grow, a small four-wheel tractor with a small plow can be used for inter-row plowing and weeding, or a rotary tiller can be used for rotary tillage and weeding. The advantages of mechanical weeding are: (1) relatively high work efficiency and relatively good weed control effect; (2) reduced pesticide use, which is conducive to producing green food; (3) simple operation, easy for farmers to accept; (4) loose soil, which is conducive to ground heat absorption and thereby to the accumulation of grape sugar, pigments, and other substances.