How much does a soil test and fertilizer recommendation cost now? Its concept, significance and fertilizing steps
In plain terms, soil testing and formulated fertilization means scientifically applying formulated fertilizer under the guidance of agricultural science and technology personnel, to regulate and resolve the contradiction between crop nutrient demand and soil nutrient supply.So how much does a soil test and fertilizer recommendation cost now? What is its concept and significance? What are the fertilizing steps?
How much does a soil test and fertilizer recommendation cost now?
Soil-test formulated fertilizer is a kind of fertilizer produced according to soil test data, following the principle of supplementing whatever is deficient. Different test data naturally means different formulations. Currently in the fertilizer raw material market, the price per unit of nitrogen nutrient and phosphorus nutrient differs little, and both are relatively low, while the price per unit of potassium nutrient is relatively high. If the test data show a potassium deficiency, then potassium must be supplemented, making it more expensive; otherwise it is cheaper. According to Nongzhijia's one-on-one soil testing and fertilization data, on the premise of not including supplemental organic matter, this year's soil-test formulated fertilizer price is around 2000-2500 yuan/ton. If organic matter is included, the soil-test formulated fertilizer price is around 1000-1400 yuan/ton.
What is the concept and significance of soil testing and formulated fertilization?
According to the soil testing and formulated fertilization specifications set by the Ministry of Agriculture, soil testing and formulated fertilization is based on fertilizer field trials and soil tests, and according to crop nutrient demand patterns, soil nutrient supply capacity and fertilizer effects, on the basis of rational application of organic fertilizers, it proposes the application varieties, amounts, application periods and application methods of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and medium and trace element fertilizers.
The significance of soil testing and formulated fertilization:
1. Increase crop yield and ensure food production security. Through soil nutrient testing, according to crop needs, correctly determining the types and amounts of fertilizer to apply is the only way to continuously improve soil nutrient conditions, enable crops to achieve sustained and stable yield increases, and thus ensure food production security.
2. Reduce agricultural production costs and increase farmers' income; fertilizer accounts for about 50% of the input in agricultural production materials, but most of the chemical fertilizer applied to the soil cannot be absorbed by crops, and the fertilizer not absorbed and utilized by crops volatilizes, leaches, and is fixed by the soil. Therefore, improving fertilizer use efficiency and reducing fertilizer waste is crucial to improving the benefits of agricultural production.
3. Save resources and ensure sustainable agricultural development; adopting soil testing and formulated fertilization technology to improve fertilizer use efficiency is a concrete manifestation of building a conservation-minded society. In an era of extremely scarce energy and resources, carrying out soil testing and formulated fertilization has very important practical significance.
What are the steps of soil testing and formulated fertilization?
1. Soil testing
Soil testing is an important basis for formulating fertilizer recipes. According to the requirements of the "Technical Specifications for Soil Testing and Formulated Fertilization (Trial)", project counties collect 1 soil sample on average for every 100-200 mu of cultivated land (each place makes corresponding adjustments according to actual conditions: 30-80 mu in hilly and mountainous areas, and 100-500 mu in plain areas for 1 soil sample). At the same time, representative sampling points are selected to conduct follow-up investigations of the effects of soil testing and formulated fertilization. On the basis of soil testing, plant and water sample analyses are carried out as needed, to provide basic data for formulating recipes.
2. Field trials
According to the requirements of the "Technical Specifications for Soil Testing and Formulated Fertilization (Trial)", field fertilizer effect plot trials are arranged to ascertain basic parameters such as soil nutrient correction coefficients, soil nutrient supply, crop nutrient demand patterns and fertilizer use efficiency. Establish nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer effect models for main crops in different fertilization zones, determine reasonable fertilizer varieties and amounts for crops, the distribution ratio of base fertilizer and topdressing, the optimal fertilization period and fertilization methods, and establish a fertilization index system, providing a basis for recipe design and fertilization guidance.
3. Recipe design
Organize relevant experts to summarize and analyze the results of soil testing and field trial data, and reasonably divide fertilization type zones according to differences in climate, landforms, soil types, crop varieties, and farming systems. Review the soil testing and formulated fertilization parameters, establish fertilization models, and formulate fertilizer recipes by region and by crop.
4. Calibration trials
To ensure the accuracy of fertilizer recipes and reduce the risk of large-scale application of formulated fertilizer, in each fertilization zone unit, targeting local main crops and their main planted varieties, set up calibration trials with 3 treatments: soil testing and formulated fertilization, farmers' customary fertilization, and blank control, to compare the yield-increasing effects of soil testing and formulated fertilization, verify and improve fertilizer recipes, and optimize the technical parameters of soil testing and formulated fertilization.
5. Fertilizer blending and processing
According to the recipe, use various single-element or compound fertilizers as raw materials to prepare formulated fertilizer. There are currently two ways: one is that farmers purchase various fertilizers themselves according to the recipe recommendation card and apply them in combination; the other is that fertilizer blending enterprises process the formulated fertilizer according to the recipe, and farmers purchase and apply it.