How much does a bag of organic fertilizer cost? Introduction to composting methods

Organic fertilizer mainly comes from plants and (or) animals, applied to the soil to provide plant nutrition as its main function of carbon-containing materials.So how much does a bag of organic fertilizer on the market roughly cost? What composting methods are there?

How much does a bag of organic fertilizer on the market roughly cost?

Different raw materials mean different costs, and naturally the price of organic fertilizer will also differ. There is also the issue of process; spray granulation technology can generally only be achieved by larger enterprises, and if it is in powder form, the cost in this respect is lower compared with granular form. In addition, the organic matter in bio-organic fertilizer must also be able to meet the survival needs of beneficial bacteria. Even for the same bacterial fertilizer, some prices are high and some are low; the high ones can reach more than 100 yuan per bag, and the low ones can also be fifty or sixty.

What composting methods are there for organic fertilizer?

1. Crop straw, fallen autumn leaves, weeds, planted green manure, wild green manure, etc., using decomposition microbial agent composting technology.

(1) Technical principle

Their main components are relatively stable macromolecular substances such as cellulose and lignin, which decompose slowly under natural conditions. In the process of piling into fertilizer, water, nutrients and aeration conditions are artificially regulated, creating an environment suitable for microbial reproduction. In addition, decomposition microbial agents are added, increasing the population quantity of fast-decomposing microorganisms. The temperature inside the pile rises with the reproduction of microorganisms, and the higher temperature can accelerate the decomposition speed of crop straw, fallen autumn leaves, weeds, planted green manure, wild green manure, etc., thus enabling them to decompose and rot into fertilizer in a relatively short time.

(2) Operation steps

1) Site selection. Choose field edges, ditch sides and roadsides near water sources and convenient for piling straw, and other places that do not hinder field cultivation; project areas with abundant labor can also dig a pit about 1 m deep, and the size and shape of the pit can be flexibly determined according to the site and materials. Tamp the bottom solid, spread a layer about 30 cm thick of uncut crop straw, fallen autumn leaves, weeds, planted green manure, etc., and add water to regulate moisture content.

2) Raw material treatment. Cut the raw materials into small sections of 10-15 cm.

3) Preparation of decomposition agent. The amount of decomposition microbial agent for composting raw materials is 2 kg per 1000 kg of composting raw materials, and 5 kg of urea or 20 kg of ammonium bicarbonate mixed evenly with moist fine soil; if conditions permit, human and livestock manure (100-200 kg) can also be used instead of nitrogen fertilizer, with better results.

4) Piling of composting raw materials. Pile the cut composting raw materials into a 20 cm thick layer, evenly scatter the decomposition microbial agent, then pile the second layer, and so on, spreading layer by layer, for about 10 layers in total. Cover the fertilizer pile with the soil dug from the pit or cover it tightly with black plastic film for sealed decomposition.

5) Management after piling. During the piling period, frequently check the changes in moisture and temperature in the upper, middle and lower parts of the pile. Turn the pile once at the appropriate time, turning the outer layer to the middle and the middle to the outside, and add an appropriate amount of manure and urine water as needed before piling again to promote decomposition. After 20-30 days, when the raw materials are nearly black, rotten and smelly, it indicates that they are basically decomposed.

6) Application of decomposed organic fertilizer. Use the base application method to evenly scatter the well-decomposed organic fertilizer on the ground surface and plow it into the soil.

(3) Precautions

1) Moisture of composting raw materials. The moisture content should be controlled at about 60%, that is, when the mixture is squeezed by hand, the hand is wet and water is seen being squeezed out, which is appropriate. Autumn and winter are relatively dry, so if the composting raw materials are too dry, water should be supplemented appropriately.

2) Use of decomposition microbial agent. Materials such as decomposition microbial agent and urea should be evenly mixed with the composting raw materials, and used immediately after mixing.

3) Temperature of composting. When piling, the composting raw materials should be patted gently and firmly to prevent excessive gaps; after piling, it is best to seal the pile with mud mixed with composting raw materials. When the temperature inside the pile exceeds 65 degrees C, ventilation measures should be taken.

4) Signs of decomposition. The pile temperature decreases, the material is loose, brown or dark brown, with a slight ammonia smell, and white mycelium inside the pile.

2. Ordinary composting technology for crop straw, fallen autumn leaves, weeds, planted green manure, wild green manure, etc.

Generally choose a place with high and dry but level terrain, close to a water source and convenient for transportation for piling. The pile width is about 2 m, and the pile height is 1.5-2 m, depending on the quantity of materials. Before piling, first tamp the ground solid, then spread 10-14 cm thick composting raw materials to absorb the seepage fertilizer liquid, then spread 17-26 cm thick piled materials, add an appropriate amount of water, and then add a layer of cattle and sheep manure, etc. Pile layer by layer in this way until 2 m high, and finally cover the last layer with a layer of fine soil or black plastic film and seal it tightly for piling. This reduces water evaporation and ammonia volatilization loss. Turn the pile after 1 month; in summer it decomposes in about 2 months, and in winter it decomposes in 3-4 months.

The sign of compost decomposition is that the volume decreases significantly, the compost raw materials become brown or dark brown, are soft and elastic when wet, and can squeeze out black juice; when dry, they are very brittle, loose and easily broken.

Other technical principles, precautions, etc. are the same as above.