Key Technical Points for the Control of Major Insect Pests and Physiological Diseases of Chinese Bayberry

The Chinese bayberry tree is a fruit tree native to China, and its fruit has a unique flavor and is rich in nutrients, making it highly favored by consumers. However, there are many aspects to pay attention to when growing Chinese bayberry, so what are the major insect pests and physiological diseases of Chinese bayberry? What are the key technical points for their control?

I. What are the major insect pests and physiological diseases of Chinese bayberry?

1. Insect pests: fruit flies, leaf-roller moths, noctuid moths, scale insects, etc.

2. Diseases: white rot, shoot blight, leaf spot, pink disease, etc.

II. How to control pests and diseases of Chinese bayberry?

1. Chemical control

(1) In winter, clean the orchard, apply whitewash to the trunk and main branches of the Chinese bayberry tree, and spray the trunk, branches and ground with lime sulfur mixture.

(2) For fruit flies, 60 g/L spinetoram may be used, sprayed from the color-turning stage of the fruit to 15 days before the mature stage; or 0.1% abamectin concentrated bait may be used, diluted 2-3 times between the color-turning stage and the mature stage of the fruit and placed in trap jars, 20 jars per mu.

(3) For scale insects, 95% mineral oil emulsifiable concentrate or 30% sodium abietate aqueous emulsion may be used. Spray in July-August at the initial stage of the second generation of scale insects, or during winter orchard cleaning. In hot seasons, use in the morning or evening to avoid high temperatures, and increase the dilution factor.

(4) For brown spot disease, 33.5% copper quinolate suspension concentrate may be used, sprayed after fruit harvest for control, or used during orchard cleaning.

Note: The pesticide varieties prohibited for use on Chinese bayberry are:

BHC, DDT, toxaphene, aldrin, dieldrin, nitrofen, ethylene dibromide, chlordimeform, dithianon, 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane, mercury preparations, arsenic, lead, fluoroacetamide, tetramine, sodium fluoroacetate, glucoflor, silatrane, methamidophos, methyl parathion, parathion, monocrotophos, phosphamidon, fenamiphos, phorate, mephosfolan, calcium phosphide, magnesium phosphide, zinc phosphide, cadusafos, coumaphos, phosfolan, terbufos, chlorsulfuron, metsulfuron-methyl, amidosulfuron single agent, asomate, monomethylarsonic acid, paraquat aqueous solution, phorate, isofenphos-methyl, demeton, ethoprophos, phosfolan, chlorpyrifos, aldicarb, carbofuran, isocarbophos, methomyl, omethoate, methidathion, fipronil.

2. Physical and chemical trapping control

(1) Rain-shelter cultivation in net houses

To effectively block the damage of all pests such as Chinese bayberry fruit flies and reduce the occurrence of diseases, rain-shelter cultivation in net houses may be adopted. Rain-shelter cultivation in net houses is suitable for orchards on hilltops and hillsides with good ventilation conditions or susceptible to wind damage. For the net house facility, hot-dip galvanized steel pipes are best used, with insect-proof netting on all sides and a special plastic film with good light transmission covering the top, with the roof surface more than 80 cm above the tree tops. Cover with insect-proof netting 40-50 days before harvest (before Chinese bayberry fruit flies enter the orchard to cause damage), cover the top canopy for rain shelter 10 days before harvest, and remove it promptly after harvest is completed. After the netting is covered, stop using all pesticides and nutrient solutions in the orchard until the netting is removed after the Chinese bayberry harvest is completed.

(2) Yellow sticky board trapping

By utilizing the color-seeking characteristic of fruit flies to trap and kill adult fruit flies, hang yellow sticky boards on the branches and trunks of Chinese bayberry trees before the fruit ripens, 1 board per tree.

(3) Insect-killing lamp trapping

In response to the phototactic habit of adult pests such as noctuid moths and leaf-roller moths, use insect-killing lamps for trapping. Install 1 insect-killing lamp per 30 mu, starting from the hard-pit stage of Chinese bayberry, turn on the lamp every day from 19:00-23:00, and stop turning on the lamp after fruit harvest is completed.