When is the best time to plant sugarcane in autumn and winter? About how many seedlings should be planted per mu? How to plant? (with the 2018 technical guidance on late-stage sugarcane production)
Recently, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued the 2018 technical guidance on late-stage sugarcane production, stating that in order to promote high yield and high sugar content in sugarcane, the National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, together with the Sugar Crops Expert Steering Group of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, gave a detailed introduction to the planting time and planting management techniques for autumn and winter sugarcane, so when is the best time to plant sugarcane in autumn and winter? About how many seedlings should be planted per mu? How to plant?
1. Control moisture
Promote the accumulation of sugar in sugarcane by controlling moisture. Water control should follow the principle of “alternating dry and wet&rdquo, requiring the surface soil of the sugarcane field to be moist but not wet, and dry but not white. If drought occurs, irrigation is needed, and it should also be drained immediately after irrigation to avoid water accumulation in the field. In areas with more rainfall in the late stage, attention should be paid to field drainage, and drainage ditches should be dug around the periphery of the sugarcane field to lower the groundwater level. In sugarcane fields prone to waterlogging, according to the terrain conditions, dig drainage ditches in a "cross" shape, a "" shape or a "well" shape to drain water out of the sugarcane field.
2. Strip off dead leaves
Strip off dead leaves in time to improve ventilation and light transmission conditions in the field and reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases. For fields with high humidity, dense growth and severe pests and diseases, more should be stripped. The stripped dead leaves should be taken out of the sugarcane field for centralized disposal. The standard for leaf stripping is to retain 9 to 10 new leaves per stalk. In sugarcane areas with severe outbreaks of slightly rot disease, brown spot disease, rust disease, etc., 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder or 50% carbendazim wettable powder can be sprayed on the leaves, once every 7 to 10 days, for 2 consecutive sprays, to control the spread and expansion of the disease.
3. Wind prevention and disaster reduction
In the middle stage, attention should be paid to hilling soil, with a hilling height of 30 cm. If sugarcane in the late stage suffers from a typhoon, lodging sugarcane should be tied and straightened in time. At a height of two-thirds of the sugarcane plant, use rope or dead leaves to tie two rows of sugarcane into a herringbone shape, or tie adjacent sugarcane plants into a bundle, so that the sugarcane remains upright and continues to grow. After the straightened sugarcane resumes growth for 15 days, untie the rope.
4. Harvest at the right time
Harvest sugarcane according to the principle of harvesting early-maturing varieties first and late-maturing varieties later. For sugarcane fields intended to retain ratoon crops, it is advisable to cut and harvest after “Major Cold&rdquo, which is beneficial for sugarcane buds to sprout and emerge from the soil. Harvesting should be done with a quick hoe and low cutting, cutting 5 cm into the soil, to lower the sprouting position of ratoon crops and reduce splitting of the sugarcane stubble.
5. Do a good job with autumn and winter planting
1. When is the best time to plant autumn sugarcane?
For autumn-planted sugarcane, the planting time should be grasped, and it is advisable to plant between late August and early October.
2. What varieties are good for planting autumn sugarcane?
During cultivation, select good lodging-resistant sugarcane varieties with a well-developed root system and uniform stalks, and plant them deeper.
3. How many seedlings should be planted per mu for autumn sugarcane?
Appropriately reduce and control the planting amount. It is advisable to plant 5000 to 6000 buds per mu, apply sufficient base fertilizer, and in December apply 20 kg of urea per mu as topdressing.
4. When is the best time to plant winter sugarcane?
Winter-planted sugarcane should be planted after early November. After planting, pay attention to covering with plastic film to increase soil temperature and ensure normal emergence of sugarcane seedlings.