High-Yield Peanut Fertilization Techniques and How to Choose Foliar Fertilizers

For growers, the thing they care about most when growing peanuts is the yield, so how can peanuts achieve high yield? Fertilization is the key. How should fertilization be done during the cultivation of peanuts for high yield? Which foliar fertilizer is best?

1. How to fertilize peanuts for high yield?

1. Nutrient requirements of peanuts

Throughout the entire growth period, the ratio of nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium required by peanuts is 3:0.4:1:0.6. Among these, the demand for nitrogen is not very high because the root system has its own nitrogen-fixing function. At the same time, peanuts also have varying demands for boron, molybdenum, iron, manganese, magnesium, sulfur and so on.

2. Base fertilizer

Before sowing peanuts, the land should first be plowed and base fertilizer applied. Apply 1500-2000 kg of farmyard manure, 8-10 kg of urea, 30 kg of superphosphate and 10-15 kg of potassium chloride per mu. Also note that potassium fertilizer should be applied deeply and calcium fertilizer should be applied shallowly.

3. Topdressing

(1) Seedling stage. Apply little topdressing during the peanut seedling stage. Because the peanut root system has a nitrogen-fixing effect, most nutrients during the seedling stage can be met by the base fertilizer in the soil. If the base fertilizer is insufficient, nitrogen-containing fertilizer can be applied as topdressing or a urea solution can be sprayed on the leaves.

(2) Flowering stage. Apply calcium fertilizer during the full flowering stage. You can choose high-calcium potassium fertilizer and spray trace elements, 0.2-0.3% borax solution, 800-times ammonium molybdate solution, 0.5% manganese sulfate solution, etc., to promote flowering and fruiting.

(3) Pod-setting stage. During the pod-setting stage, peanuts can be topdressed with high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer with a formula of 15-15-30+TE, which can prevent empty shells in peanut pods and increase yield.

2. Which high-yield foliar fertilizer for peanuts is best?

1. Nitrogen fertilizer

Peanuts are prone to fertilizer deficiency in the middle and late growth stages, or during long periods of rainy weather in summer, when the root system has difficulty absorbing nutrients. At this time, spraying some urea solution works well. Urea and clean water can be mixed at a ratio of 1:100, stirred thoroughly, and then sprayed at 60 kg per mu.

2. Phosphorus fertilizer

Peanuts have a high demand for phosphorus. Spraying a 2%-3% superphosphate aqueous solution during the middle and late growth stages can improve pod yield and quality. Put 2-3 kg of superphosphate into 100 kg of clean water, stir and soak for 1 day and night, then take the upper clear liquid for application. Spray once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 consecutive sprays, at 60 kg per mu each time.

3. Potassium fertilizer

For foliar application of potassium fertilizer on peanuts, plant ash can be used to prepare it. Add 5-10 kg of plant ash to 100 kg of water, stir thoroughly, soak for 12-14 hours, then take the upper clear liquid, which is a 5%-10% plant ash extract, and spray 60 kg per mu each time.

Potassium sulfate or potassium chloride aqueous solution can also be used. Add 2 kg of potassium sulfate or potassium chloride to 100 kg of clean water, dissolve it into a 2% potassium sulfate or potassium chloride aqueous solution, and stir evenly.

4. Mixed spraying

For peanut fields lacking phosphorus and nitrogen, a mixed solution of 1% urea and 2% superphosphate can be sprayed. To 100 kg of 2% superphosphate aqueous solution, add 1 kg of urea. Urea has the effect of promoting peanut growth, and then stir evenly. Each mu of peanut field can be sprayed with 60 kg each time. As long as it is sprayed twice consecutively, there will be an obvious yield-increasing effect.

5. Precautions

When applying foliar fertilizer to peanuts, the concentration must be strictly controlled. If the concentration is too low, the effect will not be obvious; if the concentration is too high, it is easy to damage the leaves and cause fertilizer burn. When spraying, spray evenly and finely, and it is best to spray both the front and back sides of the leaves, which is more conducive to absorption by the peanut leaves.

Overall, peanuts are a crop with a very high fertilizer demand. If peanut growers want to increase yield and income, they also need to pay attention to scientific fertilization methods.