What Fertilizer Is Best for Peanut Planting? Fertilization Methods and a Detailed Explanation of the Base Fertilizer Amount per Mu

Peanut is a major oil crop in China and also a cash crop with good economic returns, and the use of fertilizer directly affects the yield and quality of peanuts, so how should peanuts be fertilized when planting? What fertilizer is best? How much base fertilizer is needed per mu?

1. What fertilizer is best for peanut planting?

1. Fertilizer requirements of peanuts

Peanut seedlings absorb very little fertilizer, less than 10% of the total, but this is the critical period for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer demand; if fertilizer is lacking at this time, it will hinder strong seedling growth and early development and the formation of root nodules. The flowering and pegging stage of early-maturing peanuts, or the pod-setting stage of late-maturing peanuts, is the peak period of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake, with absorption accounting for about 60% of the total. The full-pod maturity stage accounts for only about 10% of the total.

The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium absorbed by peanuts is 3:0.4:1. However, peanuts can obtain 2/3-4/5 of their nitrogen from rhizobia. In practice, the required nitrogen application level is not high, which highlights the nutritional characteristics of peanuts favoring potassium and calcium. In addition, peanuts also have an urgent demand for magnesium, sulfur and molybdenum, boron, manganese, iron, etc., and respond sensitively to them.

2. What fertilizer is best for peanuts?

No fertilizer is better for growing peanuts than applying well-rotted farmyard manure before planting, as this gives a strong base fertilizer, reduces the need for later fertilization of peanuts, and safeguards the organic nature of the peanuts. The choice of peanut land is also key; sandy soil is a good soil for growing peanuts, and peanuts are suitable for rotation with wheat and corn.

During the peanut growing period, spray liquid fertilizers rich in various medium and trace elements, such as Fengqia Duobao, especially as a foliar supplement at the early flowering stage and pod-setting stage.

2. How much base fertilizer is needed for one mu of peanuts?

1. Since the soil for growing peanuts is mostly hilly gravelly soil, plain alluvial sandy soil and red-yellow soil in the south, with a relatively sandy texture, poor structure and low fertility, organic fertilizer should be applied as base fertilizer to improve soil structure and build up soil fertility, and then chemical fertilizer should be applied in combination to replenish nutrients in time, so that peanuts can achieve a high yield. Organic fertilizers include barnyard manure, compost, soil and miscellaneous manure, etc., generally applying 1-2 tonnes of high-quality organic fertilizer per mu. If the fertilizer amount is large, broadcast it; if the amount is small, apply it in bands or in holes.

2. Because temperatures are low in the north, organic fertilizer should be applied early to facilitate decomposition and improve fertilizer efficiency; in the south, temperatures are high and rainfall is heavy, so fertilizer decomposes and is lost easily, and base fertilizer should be applied later, with application as seed fertilizer also advocated. For soils deficient in phosphorus and potassium, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can be applied as base fertilizer together with organic fertilizer. For calcareous soils and neutral to slightly acidic soils, superphosphate is suitable as phosphorus fertilizer, generally at 10-15 kg per mu; for acidic soils in the south, calcium magnesium phosphate is suitable as phosphorus fertilizer, generally at 15-20 kg per mu. Potassium fertilizer can be potassium chloride or potassium sulfate, at 5-10 kg per mu. In some places where chemical potassium fertilizer is lacking, kiln ash potassium fertilizer can also be used, generally at about 50 kg per mu.

3. Acidic red soil in the south is often prone to calcium deficiency, and farmers commonly apply lime, gypsum and shell powder as base fertilizer. When applying lime, generally 50-100 kg per mu is used, which can both reduce soil acidity and increase calcium nutrition, raising yield. On saline-alkali land, applying gypsum has a good effect on peanuts, generally at 15-25 kg per mu.

4. Calcareous soils in the north are often prone to zinc deficiency, while acidic soils in the south and some northern soils are prone to boron and molybdenum deficiency. For zinc-deficient soil, generally apply 1-2 kg of zinc sulfate per mu as base fertilizer together with organic fertilizer; on boron-deficient soil, apply 0.25-0.5 kg of borax as base fertilizer. Because molybdenum fertilizer is expensive, it is generally not used as base fertilizer, but is often mixed with rhizobia for seed dressing, adding 2 g of ammonium molybdate per 1 kg of peanut seeds, dissolved in a small amount of water and sprayed while stirring, which gives a good effect.

3. How should peanuts be fertilized when planting?

The following principles should be mastered in peanut fertilization.

1. Give priority to organic fertilizer, with inorganic fertilizer as a supplement. Organic fertilizer has complete nutrients, can increase soil aggregate structure, improve soil physical and chemical properties, and is beneficial to rhizobia activity, increasing the nitrogen source. The combined use of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer can reduce the loss and fixation of inorganic fertilizer.

2. Apply sufficient base fertilizer and topdress appropriately. Organic fertilizer is used as base fertilizer; after applying sufficient base fertilizer, quick-acting fertilizer should be topdressed in a timely and appropriate amount according to the growth situation.

3. Foliar fertilizer for increasing peanut yield is also indispensable. (The must-choose Xibainong Peanut Fruit Granule Duo three-time medicine)