High-Yield Planting Methods and Precautions for Rapeseed Flowers
Rapeseed is the main oil crop in our country, and from ancient times to the present, farmers' cooking oil has been mainly rapeseed oil. It can be said to be both an oil crop and a cash crop, because pure natural rapeseed oil currently commands a high price on the market and has good prospects for cultivation, so how can it be planted to achieve high yield? Below is an introduction to the high-yield planting methods and precautions for rapeseed flowers.
I. High-Yield Planting Methods for Rapeseed Flowers
1. Variety Selection
It is advisable to select winter and spring dual-development varieties with a shorter growth period, large seeds, and rapid emergence.
2. Early Sowing at the Right Time
The suitable sowing period is from September 25 to October 25. The earlier the sowing, the easier it is to obtain high yield. When the crop rotation permits, sow as early as possible to cultivate strong seedlings.
3. Field Preparation
When harvesting rice, the stubble height should be low, preferably about 10 cm. After cutting, remove the rice straw, then apply basal fertilizer, and level the field to prevent water accumulation in low-lying spots from causing seed rot.
4. Fine Sowing
Generally, the sowing rate is 300-400 grams per mu. For direct-seeded rapeseed, the suitable planting density per mu is generally 20,000-30,000 plants, adjusted according to early or late sowing and field soil fertility. For early-sown fields and fields with higher fertility, the sowing rate can be appropriately reduced. The row spacing for sowing is generally 40 cm, and the sowing depth is 1.0-2.0 cm. Sowing should be uniform, without missing or overlapping.
II. Precautions
1. Weed Control
Mechanically direct-seeded rapeseed has a large amount of weeds and severe weed damage, so appropriate herbicides must be selected and applied promptly according to the weed occurrence in the field. For fields dominated by grass weeds, at the 3-4 leaf stage of weeds, apply 60-70 ml of 5% quizalofop-p-ethyl emulsifiable concentrate or 30 ml of 10.8% haloxyfop-R-methyl per mu; for fields dominated by broadleaf weeds, after the 4-leaf stage of rapeseed, apply 50 ml of 30% benazolin suspending agent. Fields with more weeds after the beginning of spring should undergo a second chemical weeding.
2. Chemical Regulation
Commonly, 30-40 grams of 15% paclobutrazol wettable powder per mu is sprayed with water, generally applied 7-14 days before the Winter Solstice.
3. Rational Fertilization
Focus on balanced fertilization, with combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and boron. Apply heavy basal and seedling fertilizer, generally 30-40 kg of compound fertilizer per mu. At the 3-4 leaf stage of rapeseed, topdress seedling fertilizer while the soil has moisture, applying 5-7.5 kg of urea per mu; from late December to January, topdress with wax fertilizer. During the flowering period, combined with the control of sclerotinia, if conditions permit, spray boron, potassium, and molybdenum fertilizers on the roots, and through mixed spraying of pesticides and fertilizers, prevent disease and premature aging.
4. Pest and Disease Control
Direct-seeded rapeseed has a high seedling density, so close attention must be paid to the control of pests and diseases during the rapeseed seedling stage. During the rapeseed seedling stage, the main targets are aphids, striped flea beetles, and cabbage caterpillars; during the flowering period, the focus is on controlling sclerotinia.
With the advancement of technology, farming has become increasingly convenient for farmers, and yields have become higher and higher, because mechanical operations are now used, which can save both costs and labor. However, there are also drawbacks, so field management must be strengthened during cultivation to achieve high yield.