How much does cluster pepper cost per jin? What are the key points of cultivation techniques in autumn and winter?
Cluster pepper, a variety of chili pepper, belongs to the Solanaceae family, Capsicum genus, a perennial semi-woody plant, often cultivated as an annual; its plant height is 30 cm to 60 cm, with many branches and erect stems, and alternate simple leaves; the flowers are white, the flowering period is from early May to the end of July, and the fruits are clustered at the branch tips, with a flavor the same as green peppers. The whole plant is used as medicine; the rhizome is warm in nature and sweet in taste, and can dispel wind and cold, relax muscles and activate collaterals, and also has the effects of killing insects and relieving itching. How much does cluster pepper cost per jin? What are the key points of cultivation techniques in autumn and winter?
1. How much does cluster pepper cost per jin?
The recent price of fresh cluster pepper is around 5-6 yuan/jin, while the price of dried cluster pepper is about 8 or 9 yuan, but there are price differences in different regions, and the prices for retail and bulk purchase are also different, so ask the local farmers' market for the specific price!
The fruits of cluster pepper are generally relatively small, so it is also called small chili pepper. The characteristics of cluster pepper are small fruits, high pungency, and easy drying. It is mainly used as a dried pepper variety along with Fujian chili king, and together with horn pepper and line pepper it constitutes the three major dried pepper variety series in China. Among the national dried pepper cultivation area, cluster pepper has jumped to first place.
2. Key points of cultivation techniques for cluster pepper in autumn and winter
1. Raising seedlings
Generally, seedlings are raised from August to October in the Gregorian calendar. Soak the seeds in clean water (preferably well water) for 8 to 10 hours, then take them out, wrap them in gauze, and place them in a cool place to promote germination. After 3 to 5 days, when they have sprouted, sow the seeds on seedling trays and in seedling soil, sowing shallowly, covering with thin mud, scattering some chopped dry rice straw, and sprinkling water. Then place them under a greenhouse and cover with a shade net. Sprinkle water frequently to maintain moisture. They can be transplanted after 22 to 28 days.
2. Land preparation and applying base fertilizer
(1) Choose high-quality land that is fertile and easy to drain.
(2) Prepare the land before transplanting, spread fertilizer in the field and mix it evenly.
(3) Applying sufficient base fertilizer is very important! Fertilizer amount per mu (market jin): dry organic fertilizer (must be fermented), such as chicken, cow, sheep manure, etc., mixed evenly with an appropriate amount of peanut bran, phosphate fertilizer, and lime in advance for fermentation, at least 15 days after fermentation turn the fermented fertilizer deeply once, and use it after at least 1 month.
Amount per mu: dry chicken manure 1500——1700, high-quality compound fertilizer 100——130, biological fertilizer 80——100.
3. Ridge planting
(1) Ridge width 1.5——1.7 m (that is, the spacing between furrows), plant spacing 50——65, and the number of seedlings planted per mu 1500——2000.
(2) When planting, it is best to cover the seedling soil part of the pepper seedlings with soil.
(3) Large-area planting bases should be covered with plastic film. Water immediately after planting. It is better to water with rooting powder water.
(4) After planting, if the weather is hot with little rain, water frequently. After the cluster pepper has rooted for a few days after planting, apply water-soluble fertilizer to promote root growth.
During the growth period of cluster pepper, topdressing (water-soluble fertilizer) and foliar fertilizer are mainly used, with multiple topdressings and a small amount of fertilizer each time. Large-area bases should use drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation, which works better, makes the pepper grow more vigorously, and the fruits more beautiful.
4. Pest and disease control
At each growth stage of cluster pepper, pay attention to giving priority to prevention according to different pests and diseases. The main pests and diseases of cluster pepper: viral disease, anthracnose, damping-off, bacterial wilt, downy mildew, aphids, mites, etc., especially in hot and rainy weather in spring and summer, diseases are likely to occur. Among them, anthracnose is the most common and serious. During the picking process of cluster pepper and the growth period of the second crop of cluster pepper, attention should likewise be paid to fertilization and the control of various pests and diseases.