Master soybean fertilization techniques and double your yield easily

Soybean is one of China's grain crops used in traditional Chinese medicine, and it is widely grown throughout the country. For soybean growers, what they care about most is nothing other than yield, price and subsidies. Below is an introduction to soybean fertilization techniques; master them well and your yield can double!

1. Basic facts about soybean

1. Soybean is an annual herbaceous plant native to China, also called shu or yellow bean. Today soybean is widely cultivated all over the world, and it is most commonly used to make various soy products, press soybean oil, brew soy sauce and extract protein.

2. Besides its high nutritional and food value, such as promoting intestinal peristalsis, helping bowel movements, preventing constipation and preventing colon cancer, soybean also has high utilization value in medicine, feed and industry. In medicine, soybean can relieve edema, treat toxic swellings, promote lactation and stop bleeding; in feed, the feed made from soybean cake and meal is a very good high-quality protein feed for raising livestock; in industry, the extracted soybean oil can be used as edible oil, and can also be used for automobile spray paint, exterior paint, food processing and so on.

2. What fertilizers are used for growing soybean?

Before understanding fertilization techniques, you should first figure out which fertilizers should be applied during soybean cultivation.

1. Applying base fertilizer: also called bottom fertilizer, generally applied before sowing or transplanting. It mainly supplies the nutrients needed throughout the plant's growing period, creates good soil conditions for crop growth and development, and also improves the soil and builds up soil fertility. Applying base fertilizer to soybean helps nodulation and nitrogen fixation and increases soybean yield.

2. Applying seed fertilizer: seed fertilizer means applying fertilizer near the seeds or mixed with the seeds at sowing or transplanting to supply the nutrients needed for the early growth of the crop. Generally, per mu, soybean can use 10 kg to 15 kg of superphosphate or 5 kg of diammonium phosphate as seed fertilizer, and boron-deficient soil can be supplemented with 0.4 to 0.6 kg of borax.

3. Timely topdressing: topdressing is fertilizer applied during plant growth to supplement and regulate plant nutrition, mainly to make up for the deficiency of base fertilizer and meet the nutritional needs of the plant in the middle and late stages.

3. What are the soybean fertilization techniques?

1. Applying base fertilizer is the foundation of high soybean yield, so for high soybean yield, base fertilizer is indispensable. Base fertilizer mainly includes all organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and part of nitrogen fertilizer. If the plot is potassium-deficient, potassium fertilizer should also be applied in advance.

The amount of organic fertilizer applied to soybean is about 200 kg per mu, and phosphate fertilizer can be applied by combining ordinary superphosphate with phosphate rock powder. Phosphate rock powder is applied in furrows at a deep layer to meet the growth needs of soybean throughout its growth period. When growing soybean on low-fertility soil, 10 kg each of superphosphate and potassium chloride can be added as base fertilizer, which is beneficial to increasing soybean yield.

2. Seed fertilizer is mainly fertilizer applied together with soybean seeds at sowing, so that it can provide sufficient nutrients for soybean germination. Although seed fertilizer is applied together with the seeds, note that the seed fertilizer should not directly contact the seeds when applying, otherwise it is prone to burning the seedlings. When applying seed fertilizer, apply the fertilizer at a depth of about 4CM below the seeds, or about 6CM away from the seeds.

Generally, seed fertilizer is applied by layered fertilization and mechanical layered deep application. The upper layer is applied at a depth of about 7CM, and the bottom layer is applied at a depth of about 15-20CM.

3. Soybean topdressing needs to be divided into several stages:

(1) Seedling stage: applying an appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer can make the plants grow robustly. In addition, topdressing about 75 kg of urea per hectare can promote plant growth at the seedling stage;

(2) Early flowering stage: a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer can be applied as appropriate, generally with 7.5 to 10 kg of urea per mu being suitable;

(3) Flowering stage: spraying a 0.2% to 0.3% aqueous solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate or superphosphate solution on the roots can increase the nitrogen content of the grains and has an obvious yield-increasing effect; in addition, spraying a 0.1% aqueous solution of borax, copper sulfate or manganese sulfate at the flowering stage can promote full grains and can also increase the oil content of soybean.

4. In addition to the fertilization techniques introduced above, a certain amount of foliar fertilizer can also be applied during soybean cultivation, choosing fertilizers with higher contents of trace elements such as boron, molybdenum and zinc. The best application period is the flowering and podding stage, generally spraying once every 7-10 days, and spraying twice during this period is about enough.

In fact, if you want the soybean you grow to have a high yield, fertilization alone is not enough. Things like weeding, watering and choosing good planting varieties are also indispensable. So if you want a truly high yield, it is best to achieve “comprehensive development and balanced attention”, and then your soybean yield will absolutely double!