A detailed guide to spring cabbage cultivation: grow it this way for high yields
Spring is once again the season for planting cabbage, so what high-yield techniques are there for growing cabbage in spring? Below, the editor will introduce the high-yield spring cabbage cultivation techniques.
1. Variety selection
For spring cabbage planting, suitable varieties should be chosen, with resistance to bolting, cold tolerance, fast growth and good quality as the key selection points. For example, varieties such as Chunzhenbai No. 6, Gaochunhuang, Improved Jingchunlu, Jinbai 56, Jinxia No. 3, Xiaozha 56 and Xiaozha 60 are all relatively good varieties.
2. Sowing at the right time
Different varieties also differ somewhat in sowing time. Generally, spring cabbage is sown from March to April. If the soil moisture in early spring is poor, you can water 10 days earlier to build up moisture. When sowing, plant 2-3 rows per bed, that is, a row spacing of about 50cm and a hole spacing of about 40cm, with 5-6 seeds sown per hole. After sowing, cover with soil and then film to raise soil temperature and increase the survival rate of cabbage seedlings.
3. Raising seedlings
In order to overcome the problems of the short spring Chinese cabbage production season and early bolting caused by passing through the vernalization stage too early, insulated seedling raising in protected facilities is needed. Specifically, this can be done by transplanting to the open field only after the average daily temperature in the open field has steadily remained above 10 degrees. At the same time, aim for Chinese cabbage to complete head formation before the average daily temperature reaches 25 degrees, so that the Chinese cabbage grown this way is plump and large.
4. Transplanting
The growth process of spring Chinese cabbage basically occurs during the plum rain season, and the cultivation time is short, so in order to prevent soil nutrients from being lost, sufficient base fertilizer should be applied before transplanting, especially phosphate fertilizer should be applied frequently. Land preparation should use deep furrows and high beds to facilitate drainage and irrigation, reduce soil water accumulation. Under the conditions of low temperature and frequent rain in early spring, covering with plastic film is one of the key techniques for growing spring Chinese cabbage well. Covering with plastic film can raise soil temperature, prevent the loss of soil nutrients and reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases. Cover with highly transparent plastic film and seal it firmly with soil to raise soil temperature.
5. Reasonable close planting
Seedlings will emerge 4-6 days after sowing. After emergence, promptly break the film to release the seedlings, so that the cotyledons are exposed above the plastic film, and press the small holes in the film firmly with clods of soil to prevent seedling burn. After the seedlings break through the heart stage, thin them once each at 3-4 true leaves, and transplant when they have 5-6 true leaves.
6. Fertilizer and water management
For spring cabbage planting, fertilizer and water management should be strengthened, and timely intertillage should be carried out to promote root development. As base fertilizer, high-quality ternary compound fertilizer, rapeseed cake and Chilibor can be applied, and urea can be spread on the bed surface. During the rosette stage, topdress 20 kg of urea and 20 kg of potassium sulfate per mu. Watering should be carried out according to soil moisture, generally once about every 5 days.
7. Pest and disease control
The main disease of Chinese cabbage is downy mildew. During the seedling stage, pay attention to spraying carbendazim and dufulin. In the middle and late stages, pay attention to spraying 1000 times dimethoate and 1000-1500 times phoxim to control aphids, cabbage caterpillars and so on.
8. Timely harvest
Chinese cabbage should be harvested in a timely manner. It can be harvested from mid-to-late May to early June, and when the leaf head is 80% firm, it can be picked and sold.
The above are the spring cabbage cultivation techniques compiled for you by the editor of Tuliu.com. We hope they can help everyone.