What are the benefits of transplanting onions? What are the key techniques?
The onion is one of the vegetables we commonly eat, widely grown in many places, and it has the characteristics of low input, high yield and easy management, making it one of the top choices for vegetable growers to optimize their planting structure and develop high-efficiency agriculture. So what are the benefits of transplanting onions? What are the key techniques?
1. What are the benefits of transplanting onions with pesticide treatment?
1. It can control or reduce the occurrence and damage of soil-borne diseases such as root rot during the onion seedling stage.
2. It can control or reduce the damage to onion seedlings from underground pests such as cutworms, white grubs and root maggots, as well as pests such as leafminers and thrips.
3. It can promote onion root development, shorten the seedling recovery time, achieve early growth and strong seedlings, and improve resistance to adverse environments.
4. It helps increase onion yield, costs little and gives good results.
2. What are the key techniques for transplanting onions?
1. Land preparation and fertilization before transplanting
After crushing the previous crop, first deep-plow the land once to a depth of 20 cm; when rotary tilling, use low gear and high speed, and the finer the better. Then apply fertilizer: use 150 jin of high-potassium potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, spread evenly on the soil surface. For plots with severe soil salinization or compaction, it is best to use 100 jin of biological bacterial fertilizer, spread together with the compound fertilizer as base fertilizer. (Note: if you do not use an integrated machine for fertilizing, film laying and hole punching, you can spread 150 jin of compound fertilizer and 2 packs of underground insecticide in one go.)
2. Weeding, film laying and hole punching
Lay the plastic film 4-5 days before planting. If using an integrated machine for fertilizing, film laying and hole punching, use 300 ml of a 3-yuan compound herbicide per mu, with 60-90 jin of water. To ensure the herbicide's efficacy, the soil surface needs moisture when laying the film; it is best to lay the film promptly after rain, and if the soil surface is dry, use a spray gun to create moisture. If you do not use an integrated onion film-laying and hole-punching machine, the steps are as follows: (1. First form ridges and press the backs, with a ridge width of 1.2 m. 2. Water within the ridges. 3. After the water seeps down, promptly apply the herbicide. 4. Lay the film. 5. Punch the holes.)
3. Seedling transplanting work
Transplanting can begin after November 5. When planting, select seedlings with well-developed roots, robust growth and uniform size; discard spindly seedlings, dwarfed seedlings, diseased seedlings, branched seedlings, and seedlings that are too large or too small. Grade them by seedling height and thickness. Standards for strong seedlings: healthy plants, free of pests and diseases, plants grown to 4 leaves, about 20 cm tall, 0.8 cm thick, seedling age 50 days to 60 days; transplant the larger seedlings first. After grading, seedlings of the same size can be planted together to allow classification management and promote uniform growth in the field. (Onion seedlings are generally divided into three grades: grade 1 seedlings over 15 cm tall and 0.8 cm thick; grade 2 seedlings about 12 cm tall and about 0.7 cm thick; grade 3 seedlings about 10 cm tall and about 0.6 cm thick.)
4. Water and fertilizer management after transplanting
After transplanting, water promptly so the plants can root as quickly as possible. About 20 d after planting, onions are in the seedling recovery stage; the principle of water management is to water frequently but in small amounts, keeping the soil moist as appropriate, because onions are susceptible to downy mildew, purple blotch and late blight. According to the weather conditions as winter sets in, and combined with pest and disease control, spray foliar fertilizers such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate or humic acid to ensure the onions overwinter safely.