What Are the Main Peanut Diseases? A Complete Guide to Prevention and Control Methods
Peanut is one of the most common foods in daily life. After shelling, the kernels can be stir-fried as peanuts to serve with drinks, and when guests come they can be placed in a fruit platter as a dried fruit snack, so its consumption rate is extremely high. Nowadays many people grow some peanuts in their own gardens to eat. Because peanuts grow in the soil, they are very prone to diseases. Today let us take stock of what the main peanut diseases are. Do you know the prevention and control methods?
1. What are the main peanut diseases?
The main peanut diseases include southern blight, root rot, stem rot, leaf spot, root-knot nematode disease, rust, bacterial wilt, crown rot, and damping-off. Different diseases need to be treated with the right remedy, otherwise peanut yields may drop and the plants may even die. Therefore, when growing peanuts you must observe carefully. When you see a disease, determine what is causing it, then go to an agricultural supply store or consult an experienced peanut grower to ask about the situation and see what medication needs to be bought for treatment. However, it is best not to apply pesticides, because this is food you eat yourself, and purely natural is best. In this case we need to use physical methods for control.
2. Do you know the prevention and control methods for the main peanut diseases?
1. Prevention and control methods for peanut southern blight
(1) Introduction to peanut southern blight: It mainly damages peanut roots, pods, and the base of the stem. At first it appears as brown soft rot, and white silky mycelium appears at the root-stem area above ground.
(2) Causes of peanut southern blight: It is prone to occur under high temperature, high humidity, heavy clay soil, poor drainage, low-lying land, and in rainy years. The disease is more severe in continuously cropped fields and in early-sown fields.
(3) Prevention and control methods for peanut southern blight: After harvest, promptly remove diseased plant residues and plow deeply; use disease-free seeds; after the disease appears, mix 2 jin of 50% seed-dressing double powder with 30 jin of fine dry soil to make medicated soil and cover the diseased holes.
2. Prevention and control methods for peanut leaf spot
(1) Introduction to peanut leaf spot: It mainly occurs on peanut leaves, and is most likely to appear before the peanut harvest season. The leaves fall off early, and at this time people may mistakenly think the peanuts have matured.
(2) Causes of peanut leaf spot: Heavy rain and humid climate make the disease severe; in years with little rain and drought, the disease is mild; poor soil and continuously cropped fields are prone to the disease.
(3) Prevention and control methods for peanut leaf spot: When harvesting peanuts, remove diseased plant residues; during the peanut growth period, according to the severity of the disease, spray once every 10-15 days, for 2-4 consecutive sprays.
3. Prevention and control methods for peanut stem rot
(1) Introduction to peanut stem rot: Also called rotten neck disease, it generally occurs in the middle and late stages. After infection, the plant quickly withers and dies, and the pods often rot or the kernels do not fill out, causing serious losses.
(2) Causes of peanut stem rot: It mainly overwinters in seeds and diseased plant residues in the soil, becoming the source of infection the following year.
(3) Prevention and control methods for peanut stem rot: Prevent seeds from becoming moldy and ensure seed quality; soak seeds in chemicals; for chemical control use 25% carbendazim, dress the seeds according to seed weight, using enough to submerge the seeds, soak for 24 hours, then remove and sow.
4. Prevention and control methods for peanut rust
(1) Introduction to peanut rust: Peanut rust first infects the leaves at the bottom. In the early stage of the disease, some yellow spots appear on the leaves. If the disease is severe, the plants will directly dry up and die.
(2) Causes of peanut rust: It is caused by applying too much nitrogen fertilizer, high planting density, poor ventilation and light penetration, and poor drainage conditions.
(3) Prevention and control methods for peanut rust: As soon as the disease is found, it must be treated immediately. Use a chlorothalonil solution and a triadimefon solution in combined spraying treatment, and the effect is quite good.
The above are introductions to the prevention and control methods for the 4 main peanut diseases. Have you learned them?
Summary: The above content is an introduction to the main peanut diseases and their prevention and control methods. We hope it can help peanut growers in need. This article is compiled from the Internet.