Detailed Explanation of Key Techniques for High-Yield Peach Cultivation

The peach is a deciduous small tree of the genus Prunus in the Rosaceae family, with very high cultivation value. In recent years, nectarine planting area has shown an upward trend, flat peaches have also become popular in the market, and ornamental peaches are even more unique. Below is an introduction to the high-yield cultivation techniques for peaches!

I. How much does a jin of peaches cost?

Peaches generally cost around 3-8 yuan per jin. The market price of peaches is not uniform, with huge regional differences, and even within the same region, prices vary greatly depending on the sales venue. Usually supermarkets are much more expensive than street stalls; for example, authentic Nanhui peaches sell for 7-8 yuan per jin.

II. High-Yield Cultivation Techniques for Peaches

1. Selection of Nursery Stock

When selecting varieties for planting, peaches must be chosen based on local soil, climate, management level, and local market conditions. Choose excellent varieties with good yield performance and market demand, and ensure a good mix of early-, mid-, and late-maturing varieties. Currently, the more widely cultivated varieties are Fenghuang and Lianhuang, which have good yield performance and are easy to cultivate and manage;

2. Planting and Fertilization

For peaches, select well-drained, deep soil with a pH of 5.5-6.5, slightly acidic sandy loam or gravelly loam, and dig large holes for planting. On low hilly slopes, terraces should be built. Plant 40-50 trees per mu on flat land and 50-60 trees per mu on hillsides. For base fertilizer, it is recommended to apply winter fertilizer in autumn, mainly organic fertilizer, accounting for 60-70% of the annual fertilization amount. Generally, apply 2000kg of barnyard manure per mu or 150kg of special fruit tree fertilizer per mu. The frequency, timing, and amount of topdressing vary depending on variety, tree age, cultivation management methods, growth and development stages, and external conditions, and generally consist mainly of pre-bud fertilizer, fruit-swelling fertilizer, and post-harvest fertilizer;

3. Tree Pruning

Dormant pruning of peaches can be carried out from leaf fall to before bud break. Pruning adopts a combination of heading back and thinning out, as well as long pruning, renewal pruning, and branch bending. Long fruit-bearing branches are cut back by about one-third of their length; medium fruit-bearing branches are generally not headed back except for thinning out dense branches; short fruit-bearing branches should retain 1 branch approximately every 10cm. Growing-season pruning mainly includes post-bloom re-pruning, removal of sprouts and buds, branch thinning, branch twisting, pinching, branch pulling, tip pruning, and branch repositioning;

4. Pest and Disease Control

For pest and disease control in peaches, the first step is to do a good job of winter orchard cleaning. Combined with winter pruning, promptly remove diseased branches and leaves. Around the start of winter, whitewash the tree trunks. Before bud break in early spring, spray with 5 degrees Baume lime sulfur mixture. During the growing season, control diseases such as brown rot, anthracnose, scab, and leaf curl. Pests harmful to peach trees include aphids, oriental fruit moths, small green leafhoppers, peach borers, stinging moths, lace bugs, and white peach scale. Spray pesticides promptly according to occurrence conditions;

5. Fruit Management

Peaches have a high fruit-setting rate, so fruit thinning is necessary to control the number of fruits retained. Fruit thinning should be done in 2 rounds, respectively in late April to early May and mid-to-late May. Generally, short fruit-bearing branches retain 1 fruit, medium fruit-bearing branches retain 2 fruits, and long fruit-bearing branches retain 3-5 fruits. After final fruit setting, spray pesticides promptly and bag the fruits. The harvest period depends on variety characteristics, and it is advisable to harvest when the fruit is 80% ripe.

The above is Tuliu.com's introduction to the high-yield cultivation techniques for peaches. Peaches originated in China, and are now widely cultivated across all provinces and regions of our country, as well as planted around the world. Although peaches have a wide cultivation area, they are one of the fruits that are more difficult to store and transport.