Detailed Explanation of Key Techniques for High-Yield Hazelnut Cultivation
The hazelnut is known as the “king of dried fruits” and is also one of the world's four major nuts. It is also called the mountain chestnut, is rich in nutritional value, and has certain medicinal value. So, what are the high-yield cultivation techniques for hazelnuts? Let's learn about them together!
1. Planting density
To achieve high yields when planting hazelnuts, the first thing needed is a reasonable planting density. Planting density depends on many aspects. The first is the type, variety, cultivation techniques, and so on; the second is the tree form of the hazelnut trees, terrain, soil conditions, and climate temperature. Therefore, when planting, the planting density should first be considered from these aspects. For example, in areas with high soil fertility, relatively flat terrain, and for varieties with vigorous growth and an open canopy, the row spacing of each hazelnut tree should be somewhat wider. In areas with relatively poor soil and for varieties with weak growth and curved, slender tree forms, the planting density should be somewhat tighter.
2. Planting depth
The planting depth of a plant directly determines the final yield. When planting, the roots must not be buried too deep or too shallow. After planting, the root crown should be level with the ground or not lower than five cm. The most suitable planting depth is about eight cm. If the planting soil is relatively loose and soft, it should be watered appropriately before planting, or the soil should be gently pressed firm with the foot. The purpose is to prevent watering after planting from causing the soil to sink and making the planting depth difficult to control, because soil sinking will also cause the roots to sink along with it and is not conducive to later management.
3. Water and fertilizer management
The hazelnut is a shrub that relatively prefers water. After the hazelnut trees are planted, a watering basin should immediately be built around all the hazelnut trees, with a diameter of at least one m, to facilitate later watering. Water immediately after planting, and be sure to irrigate thoroughly, because after sufficient water penetrates into the soil it can seal the soil and preserve moisture. Then cover the tree basin with plastic film to keep warm and retain moisture, promote root growth and development, and improve the survival rate of the hazelnut trees. The fertilizer requirement of hazelnuts is relatively moderate. Generally, apply one application of decomposed farmyard manure around the Beginning of Summer, then apply one topdressing of compound fertilizer in July. By the second year, fertilizer can be applied around the outer perimeter of the hazelnut trees, but be careful not to apply too deeply or in excessive amounts.
4. Timely pruning
When pruning, leave one main trunk for the hazelnut tree. Later, carry out shaping and pruning according to the growth form and developmental characteristics of the hazelnut tree, and arrange a reasonable framework for the hazelnut tree. Generally there are three tree forms for hazelnut trees. The first is the few-trunk clump type, mainly leaving about three basal branches as main branches and then letting them grow and develop in different directions. The second is the single-trunk form. The single-trunk form only needs to retain one main trunk, then retain about four relatively evenly distributed main branches on the main trunk, and then select side branches on the main branches. Secondary branches and fruiting mother branches will grow on the side branches, finally forming a short trunk.
The above are the high-yield cultivation techniques for hazelnuts. We hope they can help all growers!