A Detailed Introduction to Edible Mushroom Cultivation Techniques

Mushrooms are a food that everyone loves, and chicken stewed with mushrooms in particular is a dish that everyone enjoys. There are actually many kinds of mushrooms on the market now, but most of the cultivation techniques are the same. The following is an “edible fungi” introduction to mushroom cultivation techniques!

1. Mushroom House Preparation

When growing mushrooms, you need to prepare the mushroom house first. The most common mushroom house nowadays is a greenhouse structure. The mushroom house is generally built on higher ground, but the overall area should be fairly level, with relatively open surroundings and good ventilation. The greenhouse should use a material that diffuses light, and the floor needs to be finished with cement so it is easy to wash. Mushroom beds should be set up inside the mushroom house; they can be made of wood, iron, or brick. Finally, windows or rolling blinds should be left in place to improve ventilation.

2. Composting the Nutrient Material

Preparing the nutrient material for mushroom cultivation is also a very important step. The main ingredients of the nutrient material are livestock manure, wheat straw, bran, rice straw, corn stalks, and so on. Composting of the nutrient material generally starts around July. The manure needs to be dried in the sun, the other materials need to be cut up, and then an appropriate amount of gypsum is mixed in. The mixture is soaked through with water or urine, then piled up in alternating layers of straw and manure for fermentation. The pile generally needs to be turned once every 3-4 days, and after about half a month it is roughly ready.

3. Disinfection and Sterilization

After the nutrient material has been composted, the mushroom house first needs a thorough disinfection and sterilization. Then the nutrient material is moved into the mushroom house and spread evenly on the mushroom beds. The doors and windows of the mushroom house are then closed, and the indoor temperature is raised to about 60 degrees. After three hours, the temperature is lowered to about 50 degrees and kept there for one week so the nutrient material ferments thoroughly. During this fermentation process, the nutrient material is also disinfected and sterilized, so that only beneficial microorganisms remain in it, which is greatly beneficial to mushroom growth.

4. Inoculation and Casing Soil

When the temperature of the nutrient material drops to about 25 degrees, the mushrooms can be inoculated. We need to level the nutrient material on the mushroom beds; the thickness of the nutrient material on each mushroom bed should reach about 15cm. Then inoculation is carried out by the hole-broadcast method, with the spacing between each spot at about 10cm. If you want to increase the speed of mycelial growth, you can sow as densely as possible. After inoculation, the moisture of the nutrient material needs to be maintained, and the ventilation of the mushroom house should be increased. Finally, fine fertile soil is evenly covered over the nutrient material, and then you can wait for the mycelium to grow.

5. Mushroom Fruiting Management

Fruiting management is the most critical step in mushroom cultivation, as it affects the fruiting of the mushrooms, that is, the yield and quality of the mushrooms. The most important parts are water management and temperature management. The moisture of the nutrient material must be maintained; in the early fruiting stage the moisture is generally around 70%, and later it can gradually be restored to around 80%-90%. When watering, follow the principle of small amounts and frequent watering. The temperature of the fruiting house during the mycelial growth period is best kept at around 10-18 degrees, and during the fruiting period the temperature is raised to around 20-28 degrees, which can speed up fruiting. When the mushrooms have grown to a certain size, they can be harvested.

The above is Tuliu.com's introduction to mushroom cultivation techniques. Mushroom cultivation techniques are becoming more and more complete, and the varieties of mushrooms are becoming more and more abundant.