What Are the Pests and Diseases of Peach Trees? Detailed Guide to Prevention and Control Methods
Common diseases of peach trees include anthracnose, rot disease, white rust, black mold, crown gall, shot hole disease, and leaf spot, among others. Common pests include aphids, longhorn beetles, fruit borers, and stink bugs, among which crown gall, leaf curl, yellowing disease, aphids, red spider mites, and scale insects are the most frequently occurring. For diseases, fungicides such as carbendazim, chlorothalonil, and zineb can be used for control. For pests, insecticides such as dimethoate and trichlorfon can be used for control.
Introduction to the main pests of peach trees and their control methods:
1. Peach aphid: (peach powder aphid, peach leaf-curling aphid) can occur in spring, summer, and autumn, and is especially severe in late spring and early summer. When the control threshold is reached, endosulfan (Thiodan, Shuo Dan) or pyridine heterocyclic insecticides, imidacloprid or acetamiprid, can be selected for timely control, and fenthion can also be used.
2. Peach fruit borer: it is a boring pest. It bores into the fruit to cause damage. In early May, the tree disk can be treated with chemicals. Use 500 g of 50% phoxim or 48% fenthion per mu plus an equal amount of water, mix into 25 kg of poisoned soil, spread it into the tree disk, shallow hoe and then rake level, and seal the soil. Alternatively, 50—75 kg of ammonium bicarbonate can be used per mu, spread while turning the soil and mixing evenly, then pat firm. Utilize the fumigation and corrosive effects of ammonium bicarbonate to kill most pests, pathogens, and weed seeds in the soil. According to the occurrence of the pest, spray during the adult egg-laying period. Use 1800—2000 times fenpropathrin plus 1000 times diflubenzuron, or 1500 times fenthion plus 4000 times abamectin for timely control.
3. Red spider mite (spider mite): it occurs more severely in dry and high-temperature seasons, spreads quickly, causes serious damage, and is difficult to control. Abamectin plus high-penetration pyridaben can be selected for timely control, and fenpropathrin (fenpropathrin) and carbosulfan (Furadan) can also be used for control, and can kill many kinds of pests.
4. White peach scale (peach scale insect): adults and nymphs gather and attach to branches and trunks to suck sap. Hatching begins in early May. The second generation of female adults occurs in September, and after mating and fertilization, they overwinter on branches and trunks. Control measures: 1. Dormant period control: before peach trees bud, spray once with 3—5 degrees Baume lime sulfur mixture or 45% lime sulfur crystal at 30—50 times dilution or 5% diesel emulsion to kill overwintering female insects on branches and trunks. 2. Chemical control during the growing season: spraying promptly after nymphs hatch and before they form a scale covering is the key to chemical control, but this period lasts only a few days, so it must be seized. Otherwise, once they molt and form a scale covering, the waxy protection makes chemicals largely ineffective. At present, the chemicals with better control effects on white peach scale are 48% fenthion emulsifiable concentrate at 1000—1200 times dilution and 20% carbosulfan emulsifiable concentrate at 1000 times dilution.
The above is the relevant introduction to peach tree pests and diseases and their control methods. I hope it is helpful to everyone.