Detailed Explanation of Key Points for Efficient Cultivation of Button Mushrooms
Before cultivating button mushrooms, cow manure, horse manure, chicken manure, rice straw and some nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can be mixed together and stirred evenly, then piled into a small heap for fermentation. During this period, the temperature should be controlled at 22-25 degrees for growth, and 5-25 degrees for fruiting bodies to grow. The moisture should be controlled at around 60% as much as possible, and the soil humidity should be controlled at 16-20%, so that button mushrooms can grow efficiently.
Precautions for button mushroom cultivation:
1. Pre-wetting the cultivation material
Rice straw is one of the main cultivation materials for button mushrooms. Before cultivation, it must first be fully soaked to facilitate fermentation. Rice straw that is not fully soaked will require a large amount of water supplementation when the pile is turned. If the moisture cannot be retained during the second turning of the pile, later water supplementation will be relatively difficult, which will affect the growth of the mycelium, so attention should be paid to this.
2. Turn the pile evenly
When turning the pile, the principle should be followed of placing raw material in the middle and composted material on both sides; placing the middle part at the two ends, and the two ends in the middle. Only in this way can the cultivation material be fermented evenly. If the pile is not turned according to this principle, the cultivation material will not ferment evenly, and the meaning and purpose of turning the pile will be lost.
3. Soil covering and disinfection
During cultivation, many growers use garden soil for casing, and this garden soil has not undergone any treatment. Some also use incompletely decomposed farmyard manure. This soil and incompletely decomposed farmyard manure often carry large amounts of bacteria and insect eggs, and can easily cause various diseases and insect pests during cultivation, seriously affecting button mushroom cultivation and production. In severe cases, it can lead to total crop failure, causing great harm, so attention should be paid during cultivation.
4. Fertilizer and water management
Some people, when cultivating button mushrooms, treat them the same as other crops and add large amounts of urea when casing. This causes urea to release large amounts of ammonia during decomposition. Excessive ammonia concentration will lead to mycelium death and total crop failure. In addition, during the early stage of button mushroom cultivation in high-temperature weather, if water is sprayed, it will create a high-temperature and high-humidity environment, which can easily lead to the death of mycelium and small mushrooms. Spraying water in the later stage can also lead to mycelium degeneration and premature aging. We hope this will draw attention.
The above is the relevant introduction to efficient cultivation techniques for button mushrooms. We hope it is helpful to everyone.