Key Points of Mango Cultivation Techniques That Farmers Must Master

The delicious and juicy mango is a tropical fruit loved by many people, and mango sales are very high every year, with demand even exceeding supply at times. Mango cultivation is very promising, so what are the mango cultivation techniques?

1. Establishing an Orchard

The establishment of a mango orchard should choose a tropical environment that is sheltered from wind, faces the sun, has open terrain and less rain. For the soil, choose loose, fertile sandy soil with good drainage, rich organic matter and neutral or slightly acidic pH. After the orchard is built, the land must be cleared and the weeds in the orchard removed. If it is sloping land, choose terraced planting; for plots with a gentler slope, trenches can be dug.

2. Planting

Choose saplings of varieties with relatively strong adaptability and disease resistance, and plant them during rainy days from July to September, which can increase the chance of survival. Before planting mangoes, first dig a large hole, add enough base fertilizer, and then plant. The planting spacing is generally about 5 m. When planting, hold the sapling upright, spread out the root system, and then cover with soil. The soil must be firmed down, and after finishing, water once.

3. Daily Management

1. Temperature: Mango is a plant that likes warmth and light, and its temperature requirements are very strict. The temperature suitable for mango tree growth must stay above 20°C all year round, and the lowest temperature cannot be below 15°C. The highest temperature cannot be higher than 37°C. Otherwise, the mango tree will die. During daily management, special attention should be paid to temperature to ensure the normal growth of the fruit tree.

2. Humidity: Mango grows relatively well in areas with annual rainfall of 700-2000 mm. If the rainfall distribution is uneven, it will affect growth. During the growing period, the soil moisture should be kept at about 70%. During the flowering and fruiting period of mango, the humidity in the air should be kept at 50%-60%.

3. Fertilization: Fertilization for mango trees differs between the young tree stage and the mature tree stage. The young tree stage promotes the growth of branches and leaves, mainly with nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer, with appropriate use of potassium fertilizer and other trace elements, and topdressing five to six times per year. For mature fruit trees, apply branch and leaf fertilizer, flower and fruit fertilizer, fruit-strengthening fertilizer and maintenance fertilizer according to the situation.

4. Pruning: Pruning work for mango trees is relatively important and will affect the later mango yield. When the young tree grows to about 1 m, it needs pruning. This stage mainly includes the cultivation of the trunk and main branches, the cultivation of side branches, and increasing auxiliary branches, so that the plant forms a canopy, which is more conducive to mango flowering and fruiting.

4. Pest and Disease Management

Common diseases of mango trees include anthracnose, powdery mildew, and gummosis branch blight. When these diseases appear, promptly prune off the diseased branches and spray the corresponding pesticide for control according to the symptoms. Common insect pests of mango include the mango shoot borer, mango leafhopper, small fruit fly and fruit-sucking moth. These pests and diseases can be trapped and killed according to their habits, or appropriate pesticides can be sprayed.

Mangoes can be picked early before they ripen, which makes transportation and sales easier. Ripe mangoes are easily damaged, so both the cultivation and harvesting of mangoes require attention.