Detailed Explanation of Mandarin Orange Planting Techniques and Management Methods
When planting mandarin orange seedlings, moderately prune the root system of the seedlings, then place them in the center of the planting hole, spread out the roots, hold them upright, and while filling with soil, gently lift the seedlings upward and firm the soil. Apply more organic fertilizer, and rationally apply inorganic fertilizer and compound fertilizer. Fertilization should be mainly nitrogen fertilizer, combined with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Carry out reasonable pruning according to different growth stages.
1. Seedling planting: When planting mandarin orange seedlings, moderately prune the root system of the seedlings, then place them in the center of the planting hole, spread out the roots, hold them upright, and while filling with soil, gently lift the seedlings upward and firm the soil. Water thoroughly to set the roots, make a 1 m tree basin around the sapling, and cover with rice husks. After planting mandarin orange seedlings, deep plowing and hole expansion should be done well to mature the soil. It is forbidden to plant tall-stemmed plants such as corn and wheat in the orchard. Do a good job of reasonable intercropping in the orchard and intertillage weeding.
2. Fertilizer and water management: Mandarin orange trees should fully meet the needs of blood oranges for various nutrient elements. It is advocated to apply more organic fertilizer and rationally apply inorganic fertilizer and compound fertilizer, and guide fertilization according to leaf analysis results, orchard soil analysis results, blood orange phenological periods, etc. Soil fertilization should be the main method, combined with foliar fertilization. Methods such as ring-shaped trench application, strip trench application, hole application, and broadcasting fertilizer on the soil surface can be used. Irrigate when the soil is dry, and drain when there is water accumulation.
3. Reasonable fertilization: Mandarin orange trees should be fertilized frequently and lightly, mainly with nitrogen fertilizer, combined with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and fertilized 5 to 6 times during the spring, summer, and autumn shoot emergence periods. Adult trees should be well fertilized four times, namely sprouting fertilizer, fruit-preserving fertilizer, fruit-strengthening fertilizer, and fruit-harvesting fertilizer. Sprouting fertilizer: 2 to 3 jin of chemical fertilizer and one load of manure water; fruit-preserving fertilizer: 1 to 2 jin of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and 1 jin of chemical fertilizer; fruit-strengthening fertilizer: 1 to 2 jin of chemical fertilizer and 2 jin of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer; fruit-harvesting fertilizer: 50 to 100 jin of organic fertilizer and 2 jin of chemical fertilizer per tree.
4. Pruning techniques: In the young tree stage, after selecting the central extension branch and the extension branches of each main branch and secondary main branch, carry out moderate or even severe heading back on them, and adjust the growth balance among the main branches by the degree of heading back and the direction of the pruning bud. In the fruiting stage, continue to choose heading back treatment for the extension branches at all levels of the framework, remove summer shoots, and promote the emergence of robust autumn shoots. In autumn, for vigorously growing trees, adopt measures such as ringing, root cutting, and water control to promote flowering.